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1、形容词、副词,初中英语语法,稻田一中 李培军,形容词是修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。 例如：long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.,什么叫形容词?,形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分,形容词,形容词的用法,1.He is a good student. 2. She is a beautiful girl. 3. I have a clever pet dog.,形容词作定语,1)单个形容词修饰名词或代词时顺序： 直接放名词或代词前面,2)多个形容词做定语时的排列顺序：口诀: 冠代数形大,新色国材名 注释： 冠-冠词；代-代词；数-数词；形-形
2、状、性质；大-大小、长短；新-新旧;色-颜色；国-国家、产地；材-材料、用途；名-名词an old big brown wooden box 一个旧而大的棕色木箱子two tall young Japanese girls 两位高个、年轻的日本姑娘,例题 1) Tony is going camping with _ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two 2) One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace.
3、 A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old,答案点拨：C 由“限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -性质-名词“的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。,答案点拨:A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：年龄，形状，大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。,当形容词修饰由something/somebody, anything/anybody, nothing/nobody, everything/everybody等不定代词
4、时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后.,1.Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper ? 2. I have something important to tell you.,3.)修饰不定代词时常后置 “不+形”,1. Sam is hungry, hed like to eat _delicious.A. some B. any C. something D. somewhere 2. Dont worry. There is _ about your illness.A.serious something B. anything s
5、erious C. nothing serious D. some thing 3.There is _ in todays newspaper. Its boring. A. something new B. interesting newC. nothing new D. new nothing 4.-Who can help us? -_. well do it ourselvesA. Everyone else B. Else everyone C. Nobody else D. Else nobody 要点：不定代词修饰形容词， 位置为“不形”,C,C,C,C,The trees t
6、urn green in spring. We are alone on the island.,只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词。你能说出几个？,alone afraid awake asleep alive able,形容词作表语,所谓表语形容词即指只用于连系动词后作表语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。这类形容词常见的有： 某些以a-开头的形容词： afraid 害怕的 alive 活着的 alone 单独的asleep 睡着的 awake 醒着的 Dont be afraid. 别怕。 Now the baby is asleep. 现在孩子睡着了。 He was alone in th
7、e house. 他独自一人在家里。,1. She was _ (luck) to lose her money when she went shopping last weekend. 04西宁 2. This kind of skirt looks _ and sells_ . 04天津A. nice; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good; nice,unlucky,A,3.What do you think of the story written by Mark Twain? It is _. I like it. 04昆明 A. bori
8、ng B. bored C. interested D. interesting,D,4. Your answer sounds _ .A. correct B. correctly C. correctness D. correcting 5. They watched a movie and felt quite _ .A. sad B. sadly C. sadness D. sady,A,A,某些动词如make，paint，keep，find，like，want等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语有的已构成固定词组。,
9、形容词作宾语补足语,1. He made us happy. 2.You must keep the classroom clean你应保持教室清洁。,形容词的构成,形容词的构成,forgetforgetful helphelpful wonderwonderful useuseful carecareful beautybeautiful thankthankful colour -colourful,1、+ful,2、ed,exciteexcited worryworried surprisesurprised closeclosed interestinterested frighten
10、frightened,3、+ing,interestinteresting exciteexciting surprisesurprising followfollowing,sunsunny snowsnowy windwindy rain-rainy cloudcloudy healthhealthy,4、+y 所有表示天气状况的的形容词,wool-woolen wood-wooden,5、+ en,6、+ern (东西南北),east-eastern west-western south-southern north-northern,friendly, daily, weekly, s
11、illy lively, lonely, lovely,7.由“名词+ly”构成,8.复合形容词,an eight-year-old boy,一个八岁的男孩,一段10分钟的步行路程,a ten-minute walk,a ten minutes walk,放七天假,have a seven-day holiday,have a seven days holiday,have seven days off,形容词的比较级 和最高级构成和用法,形容词的比较等级构成， 有三个等级： 原级； 比较级； 最高级。,形容词的比较级和最高级构成,规则变化,taller harder larger wider
12、,tallest hardest largest widest,bigger hotter fatter wetter,biggest hottest fattest wettest,happier drier earlier,happiest driest earliest,narrower cleverer,narrowest cleverest,more difficult more popular more slowly,most difficult most popular most slowly,少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est,better,best,wor
13、se,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/elder,least,farthest/furthest,oldest/eldest,不规则变化,注意：在含有形容词的比较级句子中，对两个相比较的内容为了避免重复，我们常常用that, those来代替前面的词。例如： The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangdong. The windows of our classroom are cleaner than those of theirs.,形容词原级的常用句型,Tom is as ta
14、ll as Mike.,1、as+形容词原形+as,There are as many students in our school as yours.,否定 not as+形容词原形+as “和 不一样”或 not so+形容词原形+as“不及不如,Tom is not as tall as Mike.,This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons.,2、so+ 形容词原级+that丛句such+名词that丛句,He is so big that he cant enter the room by the door .,3、 too+原级+ to do
15、sth.,He is too young to join the army.,4、形容词原级+ enough to do sth.,1、两者之间的比较，句中有明显的标志词than Tom is taller than John 2、Which/Who is + 比较级, A or B ? Which is easier, maths or English? 3、能修饰比较级的副词及短语：much(的多)、 a lot(的多)、even(更)、still（更）、a bit/alittle(一点儿) This city is much more beautiful than that one Today is even hotter than yesterday.,形容词比较级的常用句型,注意：very不能修饰比较级。More可构成比较级，但不能修饰比较级,
