《初中高中英语语法动名词用法详细讲解》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中高中英语语法动名词用法详细讲解（48页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、V-ing形式,一. 含义 动词的-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，不能单独充当谓语。 二. 构成 1.构成: 动词原形+-ing 2.规则: 一般情况，直接+ing; 以不发音的e结尾，去e+ing; 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写这个辅音字母再加ing; 以ie结尾，变ie为y，+ing，例：die，dying；lie，lying.,关键词：含义 构成 特征 分类 成分 用法 形式 运用,三.特征 1.动词的-ing形式具有名词、形容词和副词等词的特点. 2. 动词的-ing形式由动词变来,所以保留了动词的某些特征,如它可以有自己的宾语,状语等. He enjoys
2、listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. 四.分类 1.动名词:动词的-ing 形式相当于名词在句中的用法. 2.现在分词:具有动词的特征，可以表示一个正在进行的、主动的动作.,小结：doing 为非谓语动词，由do原形 +ing 构成，不能单独充当谓语,可以充当 1.主语 2. 宾语 3.表语 4. 定语 5.状语 6.宾语补足语。,doing,现在分词,动名词,具有名词，动词的特性,具有adj.，adv.的特性,成分,形式,做主语和宾语的肯定是_； 做状语和宾补的肯定是_。 Examples: 1)
3、Seeing is believing. (动名词做主语和宾语) 2)Be careful while crossing the street. (现在分词做时间状语) 3)I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. (现在分词做宾语补足语),动名词,现在分词,1.做主语,例句呈现： 1.Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 2. Spending money on himself or leadi
4、ng a comfortable life also means very little to him. 3.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.,五. 用法：,小结： 1特征： 单个的动词-ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。 2.句型： 1）doing 作主语句型： Doing . + V + O 2）但有些含有动名词的句型，为避免句子主语太长，通常用it作形式主语，-ing形式作真正的主语。下面列举几种最常见的句型： Eg. Its no use crying over spilt （倾倒出）milk. It +be +no g
5、ood /use doing做无益/无用,Its a waste of time thinking hard about the past. It +be +a waste of time doing做是浪费时间 The book is worth reading. It +be +worth doing 做值得 There is no harm in doing so. There +be +no +n. +in +doing 做没有,2. 作宾语 (动词宾语和介词宾语）He finished reading the book yesterday.I enjoy learning Engli
6、sh. (动词宾语）I am fond of watching TV.（介词宾语）,动词+宾语,只接doing,只接to do,doing和to do皆可，意义 区别很大,doing和to do皆可，意义 区别不大,以下动词须用doing 做宾语,1)记忆口诀： 双P延期 两建议否认 错过了 练习考虑 完成 不耽搁喜欢 设想 不介意面对 坚持 不放弃避免 冒险 请原谅,对应单词： postpone, put off, suggest, advisedeny, miss, practiceconsider, finish, delayfancy, enjoy, appreciate, imagi
7、ne, mind face, insist on, give upavoid, risk, excuse, forgive,2)need, require, want + doing = need to be don 注意:主动表被动 动词want，need，require作“需要”解时，后面的动词用动名词作宾语时，且与句子主语有逻辑上的动宾关系，这个动名词的主动式表示被动意义。 3)give up, cant help, look forward, have trouble . +doing Eg1. My coat needs washing.=My coat needs to be wa
8、shed. Eg2. I look forward to receiving your letter.,下列动词常以动词不定式（to do）作宾语。,三个希望两答应两个要求莫拒绝 设法学会做决定 不要假装在选择,hope; wish; want ; agree; promise demand; ask; refuse manage; learn; decide pretend ; choose,想要拒绝命令 需要努力学习, 期望同意帮助 希望决定开始。,want ; refuse ; order need; try ; learn expect ; agree ; help hope ; wi
9、sh ; decide ; begin ;start, 有些动词既可接-ing，又可接to do作宾语 ,区别不是很大。 like, love, hate, begin, start, continue, intend, prefer, etc. He likes singing. He likes to sing.,1)I must remember to take my notebook with me. I remember seeing her somewhere before.remember to do sth. 记得要做某事。 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
10、。类似词：forget, regret, mean, stop, try, etc., 有些动词后既可以接doing又可以接to do作宾语, 意思上有明显差别：,2) I forgot to post the letter. I forgot posting the letter. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事。forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事。 3) I regret to tell you that you cant work here any more.I regret not taking your advice. regret to do sth
11、 对马上要发生的事抱歉、遗憾，常和say, tell, inform 等词连用。regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事。,4) I did not mean to hurt you. That means giving up my job. mean to do sth.: 有的意图，打算，想mean doing sth.: 意味着 5) He stopped to sing.He stopped singing.stop to do sth.: 停下来正在做的事，去做另一件事。stop doing sth.: 停止正在做的事情。 6) We must try to get ever
12、ything done on time.Lets try doing the work some other way.try to do sth.: 设法、努力做某事try doing sth.: 尝试做某事,7）He said nothing but just went on working.After her early teaching career she went on to become a doctor.go on doing sth.继续做同一件事go on to do sth.(做完某事)接着做另一件事 8）I cant help to finish her work, be
13、cause I havent finished mine yet.I cant help crying when I heard the news.cant help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事,Complete these sentences:,1. If you can keep _(read) English newspapers, your English will be improved. 2. He has promised _(come) to my birthday party. 3. I hate _(tell)
14、 lies! 4. * I will never forget _(go) to Beijing with him last summer.* I forgot _(tell) her the news; so she knew nothing about it.,reading,to come,telling/to tell,going,to tell,3. 作表语His job is teaching English. = teaching English is his job. She is washing the dishes. Washing the dishes is she.,动
15、名词做表语,现在分词做表语,现在分词与动名词做表语的区别： 动名词做表语表示主语内容，主语表语可交换位置；现在分词做表语说明主语的性质，特征，主语和表语不可交换位置。 Practice： 1)Learning is my duty. 2)The news is encouraging.,动名词做表语,现在分词做表语,4. 作定语a. the laughing audience / an amusing story,Dustin Hoffman is famous for his role acting as a woman. ( 短语后置）The girl singing on the stage is my sister.,Compare,The amusing play = the play that is amusing. The girl singing on the stage = The girl who is singing on the stage.,现在分词与动名词作定语的区别,现在分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词 ,说明其修饰名词的动作，性质或特征,它与被修饰的名词是逻辑上的主动关系，且可以转换成定语从句；动名词做定语说明被修饰名词的功能或用途，一般是单个动名词，放在被修饰名词之_，可以转换成for 短语，表示“供作.之用”。,
