《高考英语短文改错条件反射训练》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语短文改错条件反射训练（155页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、短文改错,之 条件反射训练 绵阳中学：杜财富,目录,八、定语从句 九、名词性从句 十、状语从句 十一、一致问题 十二、冗词 十三、并行结构，找错的关键,命题角度分析 一、动词形 二、名词数 三、形容词和副词 看修饰语 四、代词 五、介词 六、连词 七、情态动词与虚拟语气,命题角度分析,命题角度分析,1. 命题原则,高中英语课程标准指出，中学英语课程的总体目标是培养学生的综合语言运用能力。综合语言运用能力的形成是建立在学生语言技能，语言知识，情感态度，学习策略和文化意识等素养整体 发展的基础上的。语言知识和语言技能 是综合 运用能力的基础。高考短文改错题就是对学生语言知识和语言技能进行检测的有效
2、手段。,高考英语短文改错主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语语言知识的能力，它不同于单句改错，考生应在理解短文的基础上, 根据上下文的逻辑关系,对文中的错误做出判断，并进行纠正。因此，该题型综合性强，涉及面广，既考查考生的语言知识，又考查考生的语言能力-阅读理解能力。如果不能正确理解短文内容，就无法做好该题。,从近几年高考英语全国卷及部分省市卷的情况来看，短文改错题的命题原则是： 1.注重基础知识和基本技能的考查 2.注重语篇的整体把握. 3.错误的设置一般都是中学生写作时常出现的错误 .,2. 体裁和题材,高考英语短文改错的体裁主要以记叙文为主，题材内容比较广泛 ，但大都贴近日常生活和中学生应有
3、的常识。句子结构难易度和长度跟我们高考作文类似。其实很多材料来源于近年来各省市的高考作文范文。短文改错与作文同属于书面表达。考察目的是相近的。,3. 短文改错测试点,一是语法方面， 主要测试动词时态和语态，非谓语动词和短语动词；名词.代词的各种形式，形容词和副词以及比较等级的用法；连词.冠词.介词；主谓一致；简单句.并列句和复合句，以及倒装.省略句等。,二是在行文逻辑方面， 主要考查人物的性别及相应的物主代词或物的数量及相应的物主代词，句子的并列.递进.转折.因果关系；时间的先后顺序等 .,错误类型,1.冠词的多用、少用和误用 2.名词单复数的误用及近义词的混用 3.代词指代不一致的错误或代词
4、使用不当 4.主谓不一致的错误 5.动词的时态和语态的误用,错误类型,6.非谓语动词的误用 7.形容词和副词的混用及其比较等级的误用 8关联词和平行结构的误用 9.固定搭配，习惯用法与介词的误用 10.冗词的多用,四不改:标点符号不改。大小写不改。词序错误不改。单词拼写不改 。,漏词,例: I hope youve had pleasant journey home and.,2.多词,例: Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.,a,3.错词,例It is real a good chance to have
5、 met all of you here.,_,really,一、动词形,动词的时态和语态错误 主、谓不一致的错误 谓语与非谓语误用 非谓语动词的误用,动词置于句首,首先看有没有并列连词and /or /otherwise, 有就考虑是祈使句 没有，就考虑非谓语动词 再看有没有(,)，有就考虑分词作状语，没有就考虑动名词/不定式作主语,Review what happened in the past helps me succeed in the future.,Reviewing,常接不定式的形容词,be glad to do be eager to do be anxious to be
6、ready to do,及物动词接宾语,及物动词后接有宾语，谓语动词只能用主动语态，非谓语动词只能用ing.,及物动词接宾语,While cleaned the carpets one day, she suddenly saw a little mice run across her dining room.,_,cleaning,_,mouse,及物动词接宾语,On January 5th, students in our school were visited Robot World, which we saw a great diversity of robot.,_,where,in
7、,_,robots,及物动词后有by，in，with，to,先辨是谓语还是非谓语，考虑被动语态和过去分词 be located /situated in位于 be absorbed in被吸引/专心于 be involved in参与/牵涉到/专心于 be lost in沉迷于,be mixed with与混合 be covered with为覆盖 be lined with排列 be surrounded with环绕 be faced with面临 be combined with 联合 be connected with联系,be compared to /with与相比 be addi
8、cted to沉迷于 be related to与有关系,无被动语态的动词,不及物动词没被动语态，不接宾语，非谓语动词常用ing happen /take place /occur lie /exist date from /back to,无被动语态的动词,belong to consist of die sound /look /feel /taste /smell,I moved by their encouraging words and I studied even harder.,was,Facing with many problems, the new government i
9、s having a hard time. Bury in his work, Tom didnt notice me enter the room. Locating in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood, our large fully-equipped apartment meets all their needs.,_,Faced,_,Buried,_,Located,We were driving in the country when the car stop working.Mary ,as well as her sisters study
10、 Chinese in China.I saw the boys played games on the bank of the lake when I passed.,stopped,studies,playing,As we climbed the mountains, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.,visited,I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leav
11、es on the trees. Why you think so many people still suffer from poverty now?,seeing,do,主谓一致,动名词/不定式/主语从句作主语 many /many a The number of与A number of some /the rest /分数 /百分数 + n not onlybut also /eitheror /neithernor,只能使用过去时的时间状语,last week /year /night just now the other day in the past yesterday,Last
12、Saturday, our school had organized all of the Senior I students to visit the children at a local orphanage,二、名词数,可数与不可数、单复数错用 名词的格的误用 前后修饰语的误用 名词前冠词的误用,不可数名词前的修饰语,只能接不可数：little, much, a great deal of, a great /large amount of 接可数与不可数：some, any, a lot of /lots of a piece of,必须接复数的修饰语,many few a large
13、 /great number of large /great numbers of these those several,The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish.,_,dishes,常见不可数名词,experience经验 advice忠告 information信息 news消息 knowledge知识 work工作 homework家庭作业 progress 进步,baggage /luggage行李 damage损害 furniture家具 equipment设备
14、weather天气 money金钱 change零钱,food食物 bread面包 beer啤酒 wine葡萄酒 coffee咖啡 tea茶 milk牛奶 water水,juice饮料 cloth布 clothing衣服 paper纸 sand沙 wood木头 courage勇气 rubbish垃圾,特殊结构对比,do damage /harm /good to get /be close to nature protect the environment send sth into space the universe make progress,in history /society /l
15、ife /nature /space refuse to live in a throw-away society in /on time have a good /hard time for a long time take part in take an active part in,on ones way to in this way make /find /feel ones way to sp by the way(way都不能加s) in front of(外部的前面) in the front of(内部的前面) for example /instance(无冠词),have /
16、find /feel interest in be interested in with pleasure /joy /delight be in trouble /difficulty be in danger with difficulty in surprise /anger,take pride in be proud of be of the same age /size be of different ages /sizes a five-year-old boy a boy of five years old The boy is five years old,of + 抽象名词,importance significance value help use interest,Apart from the convenient public transportation, our own car can also take them to some nearby places of interests,
