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1、英语专四最常考的10大语法难题,-专四考试中出现频率最高、又比较难的10道语法题,1. My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man _ he was fifteen years ago. (2011/51) A. Which B. whom C. who D. that 解析：本题考察定语从句的用法。关系代词在定语从句中做表语时，无论指人还是指物，都只能用that，不用which，且that也可以省略。故选D。,Examples:,China is not the country (th
2、at) it was. 中国不是从前的那个国家。 Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. 玛丽不是过去的那个女孩了。,2. It is not so much the language _ the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand. (2011/57) A. as B. nor C. but D. like 解析：本题答案是A。本题考察短语not so much A as B，它的意思是“与其说是A，倒不如说是B”，,例如： He is no
3、t so much a writer as a reporter. 他与其说是个作家、不如说是个记者。 The boy is not so much slow as careless in learning 与其说那男孩学东西迟钝，倒不如说他学习粗心。,3. Fool _ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing. (2010/55) A. who B. as C. like D. that 解析：本题答案是B。在英语中，adj / adv / n / vi + as + 主语 + 谓语，表示“尽管 -”，相当于though 或者althoug
4、h引导的让步状语从句。：,例如 Young as he is, he is able.他虽然年轻，却很能干。 Strange as it may sound, it is true. 尽管听起来奇怪，但千真万确。 Try as he would, he couldnt open the door. 他试过多次，却仍打不开门。 Child as he is, he does a lot to support the family. 尽管他是个孩子，却已经帮着持家。（名词不带冠词）,4. _ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work o
5、vertime without pay. (2009/54) A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whichever D. However 解析：本题答案是A。whatever 不论，不管，后面跟名词或一个名词性从句，表示让步。,例如： The building must be saved, whatever the cost. 不论花多少钱，这幢建筑物必须保存。 Whatever I suggest, he always disagrees. 不管我提什么建议，他都不同意。 CF: however adv.不管，无论，后面跟一个形容词或副词，表示让步。如： She has
6、the window open, however cold it is outside. 不管外面多冷，她都开着窗户。 Well have to finish the job, however long it takes. 无论花多长时间，我们都得把这些工作做完。,5. John is _ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam. A. no less B. no more C. not less D. no so (1998/41) 解析：本题正确答案是A。no less - than -。 意思是“和 - 一样都”，连词
7、than的前后都是肯定的意思。,例如： She is no less beautiful than her sister. 她的美不逊于他的妹妹。 He is no less active than he used to be. 他和以前一样活跃。 与之相反的一个短语是no more - than，意思是“和 - 一样不”，连词than前后都是否定的意思。例如： Jenny is no more beautiful than Mary. 詹妮和玛丽一样不漂亮。,6. The research requires more money than _ . (2007/61) A. have been
8、 put B. has been put in C being put in D to be put in 解析：本题答案是B。than一般引导比较状语从句，但也可以引导定语从句，than在定语从句中做主语，同时保留“比较”的意思。,例如： He often drinks more wine than is good for his health. 他常常喝酒太多，对身体不好。 The report includes more statistics than are necessary. 这份报告中的数据超出了必要。 The economic situation is more serious
9、 than was expected. 经济形势比人们预料的要严重。 Given their growing importance, the tests have to have better security measures than exist now. (The New York Times, September 20, 2011) 鉴于这些考试越来越重要，它们必须有比目前更加稳妥的安全措施。,7. _ , Ill marry him all the same. (2004/42) A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich or poor C. We
10、re he rich or poor D. Be he rich or poor 解析：本题答案是D。在正式的文体中，如果whether引导的让步状语从句中含有is, are，通常用虚拟语气，即不管任何人称、时态，一律用动词原形be。也可省略whether，把be置于主语之前。,例如： She will have my support, whether she be right or wrong. 无论她是对是错，我都支持她。(= be she right or wrong.) All magnets behave the same, whether they be large or smal
11、l. 磁铁无论大小，其性能都一样。(= be they large or small.) 但是，这一规则也不是绝对的，也可以看到不用虚拟语气的，请看美国发行量第一的今日美国上的一句话： Boys and girls have much to learn from one another, whether its academic skills, rational styles, or mutual respect. (USA Today, August 20, 2008) 男孩和女孩在很多方面可以互相学习，不管是学习技巧、推理方式还是相互尊敬。,8. AIDS is said _ the nu
12、mber-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. (2002/46) A. being B. to be C. to have been D. having been 解析：本题答案是C。动词不定式的完成时用在动词report, say, believe, think, consider, find, acknowledge, understand等动词的被动式后面，表示在谓语动作之前已经发生的动作。,例如： Medical negligence was said to have cont
13、ributed to her death. 据说医务人员的玩忽职守造成了她的死亡。 The bank is reported in the local newspaper to have been robbed in broad daylight yesterday. 据当地报纸报道，这家银行昨天在光天化日之下被抢了。 The disease is thought to have originated in the tropics. 这种疾病据说起源于热带地区。 The president is understood to have left the country. 据悉总统已经离开这个国家
14、。,9. She managed to save _ she could out of her wages to help her brother. (2002/47) A. how little money B. so little money C. such little money D. what little money 解析：本题答案是D。这是一个what little / few + n 引导的名词性从句，表示“虽不多，但全部”、“所仅有的”的意思。,例如： What little free time he had was spent with the family. 他仅有的一点
15、空闲时间都是与家人在一起度过的。 I lent her what few books I had on this subject. 我把我仅有的几本关于这个专题的书都借给了她。,请看美国总统奥巴马在2009年获得诺贝尔和平奖的演讲中的一句话： Somewhere today, a mother facing punishing poverty still takes the time to teach her child, scrapes together what few coins she has to send that child to school - because she bel
16、ieves that a cruel world still has a place for that childs dreams. 今天在某些地方，一位母亲受尽贫困的折磨，但仍腾出时间来教育她的孩子，挤出她仅有的几个硬币将孩子送到学校因为她认为这个残酷的世界仍然有孩子实现梦想的地方。 需要指出的是，这个短语中的little, few也可以省略，形成what + n引导的从句，仍表示“虽不多，但全部”、“所仅有的”的意思。,例如： He gave me what money he had about him. 他把他身上仅有的钱都给了我。 I will use what influence I have with the minister in your behalf. 我会竭尽绵薄之力把你推荐给部长。,10. Intellect is to the mind _ sight to the body. (2001/45) A. what B. as C. While D. Even 解析：本题答案是A。本题考察短语A is to B what C is to D。这是英语中一个表示类比的说法固定句型，意思是“A对于B就好像C对于D”。,
