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1、2018/8/26,Unit 8 Teaching Vocabulary,2018/8/26,UHCBCB 8.1 Understand vocabulary and vocabulary learning Warm-up questionWhat is vocabulary?,The term Vocabulary usually refers to the words and phrases used in a certain language.,2018/8/26,Task 2 .Vocabulary items can be words, compounds, phrases and
2、sentences. .Not every single word has an equivalent in another language. .Vocabulary can be taught. .Both teachers and students should be aware of the difference between active and passive vocabulary, then treat them differently. . Translation is not the best way to explain new words.,2018/8/26,Task
3、 2 .English-English explanations are not the best way for vocabulary teaching. .An English-English dictionary is very helpful. .It is more effective when words of related meaning are taught and learned together. .Studying vocabulary in language contexts are more effective ways. .Forgetting is inevit
4、able. But if words are frequently used, they are less easy to forget.,A simple answer would be,(1)knowing its pronunciation (4) knowing how & when to use it to express the intended meaning.,8.2 What does learning a word involve?,According to Hedge (2000),vocabulary learning involves at least two asp
5、ects of meaning.1.involves the understanding of its denotative（外延的） and connotative（隐含的） meaning. 2. involves understanding the sense relations among words.,denotative meaning 外延意义,词的外延意义即所指意义（referential meaning）或认知意义（cognitive meaning），它是以客观世界的特定所指以及约定俗成的意义为基础的，也就是词典中所给出的定义。,connotative meaning 内涵
6、意义,所谓内涵意义(connotative meaning)，是隐含于或附加在概念意义上的意义。社会、群体或个人都可以使一个词具有内涵意义，有时还是很不相同的内涵意义。这种差异既可以存在于两种语言、两种文化之间，也可以存在于一种语言和一种文化的亚文化之间。如英语中的goose有“愚蠢“的内涵意义，但汉语中的“鹅“却没有这种不好的内涵意义。,Collocative meaning 搭配意义,Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation.搭配意义是词语与其可能或必须同时出现的词
7、语搭配时所产生的特殊联想意义，是长期使用过程中形成的语言习惯。,Synonyms同义词 Antonyms反义词 Hyponyms下义 Receptive/Passive vocabulary 被动词汇 Productive/Active vocabulary 主动词汇,2018/8/26,8.3 Ways of presenting vocabulary 8.4 Ways of consolidating vocabulary,2018/8/26,Ways of presenting vocabulary,1. Try to provide a visual or physical demon
8、stration whenever possible,using pictures,photos,video clips,mime or gestures to show meaning. 2 . Provide a verbal context to demonstation meaning.Then ask Ss to tell the meaning first before it is offered by the teacher. 3 . Use synonyms or antonyms to explain meanings. 4 . Use lexical sets or act
9、hyponyms to show relations of words and their meanings 5 . Translate and exemplify, especially with technical words with abstract meaning. 6 . Use word formation rules and common affixes to build new lexical knowledge on what is already known.,2018/8/26,7. Teach vocabulary in chunks. Chunks refer to
10、 a group of words that go together to form meaning.It is also referred to as pre-fabricated formulaic items. 8. Think about the context in real life where the word might be used. Relate newly learned language to Ss real life to promote high motivation. 9. Think about providing different context for
11、introducing new words. 10. Prepare for possible misunderstanding or confusion that Ss may have.,2018/8/26,Ways of consolidating vocabulary,Labelling. Spot the difference. Describe and draw Play a game Use word series Word bingo Word association Find synonyms and antonyms Categories Using word net-wo
12、rk Using the Internet resources for more ideas,2018/8/26,8.5 Developing vocabulary learning strategies,Review regularly,Guessing meaning from context,Organise vocabulary effectively,Use a dictionary,Manage strategy use,2018/8/26,8.6 Conclusion,There are two problems our students facing:Students lear
13、n vocabulary incorrectly by just learning its Chinese translation. Many students learn vocabulary in ineffective ways as they rote-learn all the vocabulary only before exams. After the exams, they quickly forget what they have learned.,2018/8/26,So it is very important to make students aware how to
14、learn vocabulary effectively and how to use some vocabulary learning strategies.Teachers should present new vocabulary items effectively ,guide and help students consolidate the newly learned vocabulary. Also it is important for teachers to help students develop vocabulary learning strategies.,说课-单词
15、教学,New words：words connected with shopping:shopper customer client bargain seller pay shop buy money store sell sale market price discount supermarlet goods receipt,denotative meaning 词典意义,supermarket:a large shop which sells all kinds of food and some household goods. receipt:a piece of paper that
16、you get from someone as a proof that they have received money or goods from you.,Synonyms同义词:shopper&customer store&market&supermarket seller&client discount&bargain Antonyms反义词:sell&buy Hyponyms下义词：goods&bargain Receptive/Passive vocabulary 被动词汇:pay Productive/Active vocabulary 主动词汇:buy,connotative meaning 内涵意义,money:sometimes we use money as a pronoun of wealth,Collocative meaning 搭配意义,sell:sell like hot cakes畅销 be sold on 赞成，热衷于，被迷住 discount:at a discount 没销路，不受欢迎,
