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1、胡适胡适Another name :胡嗣穈，胡洪骍 ，胡希疆Birthplace :ShanghaiOccupation : scholar , thinker, poet, historian , writerAchievement : lead the New culture Movement , history of chinese philosophy, New Youth , writings in the vernacularRepresentative works:胡适论 学近著、中国哲学史大纲、 尝试集、白话文学史Hu ShiHu Shi1891born in Jiangsu
2、province 1893went to Taiwan 1894Sino-Janpanese War went back to Shanghai 1904got engagement with Jiang Dongxiu 1910AmericaCornell University 1915Columbia University in the City of New York John Dewey 1917Beijing University Got married 1927doctorateestablish Xinyue bookstore with Xv Zhimo1937the July
3、 7 Incident of 1937Ameria1938embassy in china1946Beipingheadma ster in Beijing University1949persuader to solve civil war in peace way1958settle in Taiwan1962died in TaipeiHu Shis philosophical viewsPragmatism(实用主义） Hu Shi emphasized that engaging in scholarship is progressive,and he claimed that we
4、 should be heroical to assume and careful to prove. In this view, as for method for thinking ,he said we should be practical and realistic.Liberalism（自由主义） In this view，people should fight for liberty, freedom of speech , leagal equally. However, everyone should be equal. What we shoul pay more atte
5、ntion to is the whole social freedom.Idea of great harmony(大同主义） It doesnt mean the parochial nationalism but cosmopolitanism. Hu Shi took efforts in reseaching democratic political system during the golden age of modern country. He said that we should try our best to get out of narrow nationalism a
6、nd step to the world stage to observe China by the light of the whole globe. Optimism(乐观主义） Hu Shi looks down on those who insist the view of being natural. During ones life, whatever he has met and what difficulties he has suffered,he should be optimistic. Every progress should be regarded as huge
7、hope.Hu Shis main achievementsHu Shis main achievementsOacademic achievementOPhilosophical achievement OPoetry achievementOpolitical theoryacademic achievementSummarized the Chinese academic research of the history of nearly 300 years.Combine the arrangement of national cultural heritage and study o
8、f Chinese classics into his Chinese Renaissance project. Published the book Explaining Confucianism说儒 Philosophical achievementThe first person that changed the Chinese traditional philosophy into the modernization processhis effort to realize the modern transformation of Chinese traditional philoso
9、phyPoetry achievementHu Shis vernacular poem(白话诗)Language, form, sentence pattern, poetic style.From classic poem to modern poempolitical theoryDemocracy, rule of law, freedom, human rightsAgainst violent revolution, adhere to the gradual reformCreate modern chinas public opinionAnecdotes of HushiHU
10、 SHI and Mao胡适 is a refined man ,Lu xun had written many critical articles about 胡适,and no matter how the Communist Party criticized him he never said anything mean to LU XUN or MAO ZEDONG or the Party ,not even a word about it .But to our surprise , when胡适 was asked in a interview whether Mao zedon
11、g was his student, he said mao was never his student, he just worked in library .He also added that :Mao zedong is not qualified to go to Beijing university concerning his aptitude back then . What a bold answer !HUSHI is “NERD” JIXIANLIN once referred HUSHI as “nerd” Although JIXIANLIN was then jus
12、t the dean of a faculty and HUSHI was the principal of Beijing university .They became good friends and often play cards together There was a meeting that HUSHI didnt want to attend and he intended to leave before it ends ,but at the hearing of someone talking about NOTES ON THE WATER （水注经）and he gi
13、ve up leaving and was totally absorded in the meeting and give an excellent comment on the topic. That is why JIXIANLIN refered him as “nerd”HUSHIs view on CHASTITY （贞操）. 胡适 once published an article about women chastity to their husbands after he read the news about a woman who commit suicide after
14、 his husband s death. He strongly criticized this behavior . In his society ,the husbands want their wives loyal to him but he just pays a prostitute visits and get himself a concubinage (嫖娼，纳妾） He thinks that both the cheating wife and the cheating husband should be to blame rather than considering
15、 it is normal and acceptable that the men cheat but unacceptable that the wives cheat . He advocates that the people should treat the cheating men the same way they treat the cheating women.works文学改良刍议胡适文选 Translation Works胡适译文集最后一课- 都德哀雅典选自唐璜-拜伦娜拉-易卜生我的母亲胡适自传“我跪着哭，用手擦眼泪，不 知擦进了什么微菌，后来足足 害了一年多的翳病。医来医去 ，总医不好。我母亲心里又悔 又急，听说眼翳可以用舌头舔 去，有一夜她把我叫醒，她真 用舌头舔我的病眼。这是我的 严师，我的慈母。 ”摘自原文胡适和母亲“我家五叔是个无正业的浪 人，有一天在烟馆里发牢 骚，说我母亲家中有事总 请某人帮忙，大概总有什 么好处给他。这句话传到 了我母亲耳朵里，她气得 大哭，请了几位本家来， 把五叔喊来，她当面质问 他，她给了某人什么好 处。直到五叔当众认错赔 罪，她才罢休。”摘自原文胡适故居Comment on Hu ShiHu Shi is one of the important Chinese historical figures in 20 centu
