该孝犬海硕士学,位论文基于GPS的长江三角洲(江苏域)现今地壳形变特征分析导师姓名职称申请学位级别论文提交日期学位授予单位张永奇张勤教授答辩委员会主席 郭春喜教授级高工学位论文评阅人 崔笃信研究员 张永志教授Based 0Pres论文独创性声明本人声明:本人所呈交的学位论文是在导师的指导下,独立进行研究工作所取得的成果除论文中已经注明引用的内容外,对论文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体,‘均己在文中以明确方式标明饥本论文中不包含任何未加明确注明的其他个人或集体已经公开发表的成果本声明的法律责任由本人承担I论文作者签名: 芗莒求夸 伽,/年石月’/.J El论文知识产权权属声明本人在导师指导下所完成的论文及相关的职务作品,知识产权归属学校学校享有以任何方式发表、复制、公开阅览、借阅以及申请专利等权利本人离校后发表或使用学位论文或与该论文直接相关的学术论文或成果时,署名单位仍然为长安大学保密的论文在解密后应遵守此规定)论文作者签名: 认.扣番 v,/年莎月留El导师签名:弗铂 洌年多芦馏El摘要理位置特殊,位于我国东部的两大构造单元.华北准地台和扬子准地台的衔接部位区内发育了多条断裂,地质构造复杂,地壳形变明显,特别是近海处地壳整体位移明显,因此及时获取地壳形变信息可以为研究该区域地壳构造形变特征提供重要的基础信息。
而大地测量技术特别是以GPS为代表的空间大地测量技术的迅速发展,为研究该地区地壳形变特征提供了必要且便利的技术支持本文利用研究区2007年~2009年三期高精度GPS监测数据对长三角(江苏域)地壳水平形变特征进行了深入研究基于不同的参考基准(全球框架、欧亚板块和区域相对稳定点组);分别计算获得了相对于这些基准的地壳水平速度场,通过对比分析后得出:ITRF2005框架下长三角(江苏域)地壳整体朝东南方向运动,西部和南部运动速率较小,北部和东部运动速率较大,整个区域表现出一种顺时针旋转运动趋势;相对于欧亚板块的长三角(江苏域)西部速率较大,靠近东部沿海速率较小在获得研究域地壳水平速度场的基础上,本文进一步采用了三角形法、整体旋转线性应变法、多面函数法及有限元法计算获取了长三角(江苏域)的地壳水平应变特征参数通过对比分析上述几种方法得到的最大主应变、面膨胀、最大剪切应变等特征参数,首次基于空间大地测量反演成果,揭示出了长三角(江苏域)地壳应变场分布特征:(1)研究区东部近海域主应变以压缩为主,方向为北东东-南西西;研究区西部主应变以拉张为主,方向为北北西.南南东;研究区中部拉张应变和压缩应变均较小。
这与该区的构造变形背景有很好的一致性研究域东部受到太平洋板块近南西向的挤压和俯冲作用明显,地壳处于明显的压缩状态;在研究域西部受到印度.欧亚板块、菲律宾.欧亚板块碰撞的联合动力学效应,主要表现为拉张状态2)研究域最大主应变、面膨胀、剪切应变高值区都集中分布在东部沿海区域及断裂带处周围,根据该区历史地震资料记载,发现这些中强地震往往发生在两个高值区交界的地区,而并非高值区的中心部位,由此揭示出了长三角(江苏域)地震活动规律的特殊性关键字:GPS,长三角(江苏域),地壳水平速度场,应变参数,地震,有限元obvious, especially the horizontal displacement of the whole area near sea.Therefore,timely access to the information of crustal deformation can provideimportant basic information for study the tectonic deformation characteristics of theregion.-The continuous development of geodetic techniques, especially thedevelopment of GPS which as a space geodetic technique,provides convenient andthe necessary technical support for the study of crustal deformation characteristics ofthis area.In this paper we use three years high-precision GPS data between 2007 and2009 to study the characteristics of horizontal crustal deformation in the YangtzeDelta(Jiangsu domain):based on the different reference datum,such as globalframe,the Eurasian plate,regional relatively stable point group,then we calculateand obtain the earth’S crustal velocity field respectively,through analyzing on thevelocity fields we can obtain:Under the framework of ITRF2005,the earth’S crust ofthe Yangtze River Delta(Jiangsu domain)as a whole towards to south—east,thewestern and southern movement rate is smaller, north and east of movement rateswere higher,throughout the region show a t1.end of clockwise rotation;relative to theEurasian plate Yangtze River(Jiangsu domain)Western rates were higher, close tothe eastern coastal rate is smallerBased on the regional crustal horizontal velocity field,this paper further usestriangle method,the whole rotating linear strain method, multi—faceted functionmethod and fiIlite element method to calculate the crustal horizontal strain fieldcharacteristic parameters of the Yangtze Delta(Jiangsu domin).Through thecomparative analysis of several ways to get the maximum principal strain, faceinflation, maximum shear strain characteristic parameters and SO on, firstly basedon the space geodesy inversion results, we Call conclude the cmstal strain fielddistribution characteristics in Yangtze Delta(Jiangsu domain):(1)the principal strainof the study area near the eastern sea mainly appeared compressive,the direction asNEE-SWW;in the western area the principal strain mainly appeared tension.incentral area both the compression strain and the tensile strain are small.It’S veryconsistent compared、析th the background of the tectonlc deformation.The eastem ofresearch field suffers SW subduction and extrusion from the Pacific plate obviously,and the crust displays compassed state;the western of research domain suffers effectof the joint dynamics from India—Eurasia and Philippines—Eurasia collision,mainly displays Tensile state.(2)the principal strain, surface expansion, shearstrain all have occurred in the eastern coastal region and ar.ound the fault zone,according to the seismic records,find that the strong earthquakes tend t0 OCCur in thejunction of the two high value areas, rather than the center of high value area,Which reveals the special nature of seismic activity rules in the Yangtze River Delta(Jiangsu domain).Key words:GPS, Yangtze Delta(Jiangsu domain),Crustal horizontal velocityfield, strain parameters, earthquake, finite element目 录绪论………………………………………………………………………………….11.1研究背景……………………………………………………………………..11.2国内外的研究现状……………………………………………………………21.2.1国外的研究现状………………………………………………………21.2.2国内的研究现状………………………………………………………31.3长三角(江苏域)地壳运动研究的意义和目的…………………………。
51.4本文的主要研究内容……………………………………………………….6第二章长三角(江苏域)构造背景与地震活动性……………………72.1研究区域概况………………………………………:………………………72.2长三角(江苏域)地质构造背景……………….:………………………72.3长三角(江苏域)构造活动特征…….:……………………………,j……1 O2.3.1长三角(江苏域)地震活动性…………………………………….1 O2.3.2长三角(江苏域)构造活动特征………………………………1 32.4本章小结……………………………………………………………………15第三章长三角(江苏域)地壳水平速度场的获取及特征分析……163.1 GPS观测资料介绍…………………。