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1、中国文化简介A Survey of the Peoples Republic of China 中国概况1.With a land area of about 9,596,960k(about 3.6 million square miles)，China is the third largest country in the world, just behind Russia and Canada. 2. Chinese people, as a result of the centuries-long program of indoctrination and education dire
2、cted by the Confucian scholar-officials, are peace-makers, diligent workers, and reserve, humble and non-invasive.As a result of long assimilation of various cultures, religions and traditions, China is now the great home of 56 nationalities. Among the 56 nationalities, Han people constitute the maj
3、ority. 3. National flag: The Five-starred Red Flag National song: March of the Volunteers National Emblem：Tian anmen Five stars ears of grain(麦穗) cogwheel (齿 轮) Heres a brief introduction to Chinese Culture below, which includes Chinese history, Chinese art, Chinese literature, Chinese geography, Ch
4、inese characters and languages etc.Chinese literature：诗经 The Book of Songs 楚辞 Elegies of Chu 离骚 Lament on Encountering sorrow 四书四书 The Four Books: 大学 The Great Learning 中庸 The Doctrines of the Mean 论语 The Analects of Confucius/ The Confucian Analects 孟子 The Works of Mencius 五经：五经：The Five Classics 诗
5、经 The Book of Songs 尚书 The Book of History 礼记 The Book of Rites 周易 The Book of Changes 春秋 The Spring and Autumn Annals 风：Songs 雅：Odes or Epics 大雅：The Book of Odes 小雅：The Book of Epics 颂: Hymns 山海经 The Classic of the Mountains and Seas 淮南子 The Book of Master Huainan 庄子 The Book of Master Zhuang 乐府 Yu
6、efu( folk songs and ballads of the Han dynasty) 木兰辞 The Ballad of Mulan 战国策 Intrigues of the Warring States中国文化简介史记 The Grand Historical Records 古诗十九首 Nineteen Classical Poems 建安七子 The seven wits of Jianan 建安风骨 The virtue of jianan 竹林七贤 seven wise men of the bamboo shade 田园诗人 Pastoral Poets 山水诗人 Lan
7、dscape Poets 边塞诗人 Frontier Poets 全唐诗 the Complete Anthology of Tang Poetry 初唐四杰 The four preeminent Poets of the early Tang dynasty 盛唐诗人 In the highlight(heyday) of the Tang Dynasty 诗仙李白 Poetic Genius 诗圣杜甫 The sage of poetry 中唐诗人 The Mid-Tang dynasty 新乐府运动 The New Yuefu Movement 晚唐诗人 Poets of the la
8、te Tang dynasty 古诗 Old Poetry 律诗 code verse 五言诗 penta-syllabic poem 七言绝句 hepta-syllabic quatrains 宋词 Ci-poem of the Song dynasty 曲牌 tune patterns 词牌 verse patterns 婉约派 The soft and tuneful School / The Delicately Restrained School 豪放派 the Powerful and Free School/ The Heroic and Unrestrained School
9、本草纲目 Compendium of Materia Medica 志怪小说 Supernatural Stories 志人小说 Anecdotal Stories 传奇 Prose Romance 话本 Storytelling Scripts Four Masterpieces 中国古典四大名著中国古典四大名著 水浒传 Outlaws of the Marsh 三国演义 The Romance of the Three Kingdoms 西游记 Pilgrim to the West 红楼梦 A Dream of the Red Mansions The Romance of the Th
10、ree Kingdoms: The novel was based on folk legends, storytelling scripts and dramas. The turbulent events between 184 and 280 刘备 Righteousness 张飞 straightforwardness 关羽 superiority 曹操 wickedness Outlaws of the Marsh: Also based on folk legends, storytelling scripts and dramas The first novel dealing
11、with the subject matter of peasant uprising in China Features of the booksuccessful portrait of more than 20 distinctive characters Reveal the characters different dispositions and their different forms of resistance to oppression through describing their different life experiences. The language has
12、 a strong colloquial style: succinct, lively, accurate and very expressive A Dream of The Red Mansions: A book regarded as the pinnacle of the Chinese classical novel A galaxy of unforgettable characters: 中国文化简介Jia Baoyu Indifferent to the ways of aristocratic life holds in contempt the tiresome men
13、 Greatly sympathizes the women Distinct democratic thoughtsLin Daiyu pursuit for true love restrained and fragile Xue Baochaia conventional woman of feudal society 聊斋志异 Strange Tales of the Tale-telling Studio 儒林外史 The Scholars/ Unofficial History of the Literati 永乐大典 Compiling of the Yongle encyclo
14、pedia 四库全书 The Complete Collection in Four Treasuries The most famous four mythological stories 白蛇传 Legend of A White Snake 牛郎织女 The Herd-boy and the Weaving-girl 天仙配 the Heavenly Maid and the Mortal 嫦娥奔月 Change Flying to the MoonChinese Art:Poetry、painting、Calligraphy、music 、drama、architecture、 scu
15、lpture 、seal cutting/carving Four features of Chinese Art ： 1.礼乐一体的原则 the unification of rite and music 2.融合互通的精神 harmony and mutuality 3.注重神韵的技巧 emphasis on elegance and temper ament 4.教化的目的 special aim of moralizationMusic：丧乐 Ritual Music 宴乐 Royal Dancing Music 民乐 Folk Music 声乐 Vocal Songs 器乐 Solo
16、 Instruments（独奏） 诗经 楚辞 汉乐府 吴歌 唐大曲 The Grand Music 宋词 元杂剧 明清：鼓词、 弹词Architecture：Palaces： 故宫 The Palace Museum/ The Forbidden City 三大殿：太和殿 The Hall Of Supreme Harmony中和殿 The Hall Of Complete Harmony保和殿 The Hall Of Persevering Harmony 乾清宫 The Palace of Heavenly Purity 天坛 Temple of Heaven 地坛 Altar of Earth 中国文化简介社稷神坛 Altar of The Earth harvests Mausoleums： 秦始皇陵 The Qin Mausoleum 秦始皇陵兵马俑 The Terr
