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1、 Lesson Plan Review New Words and Phrases Reading and TranslatingUnit One Classroom ExercisesReviewReinforced Concrete and Masonry Structure Theoretical MechanicsMechanics of Materials Structural Mechanics Civil Engineering welding of steel structuremulti-story building drive a pile total settlement
2、 relative settlement rebar (reinforcing bar) stress and strain yield strength ultimate strengthUnit OneCivil Engineering and the Civil Engineer单 元 1 土木工程和土木工程师Engineering is the practical application of the findings of theoretical science so that they can be put to work for the benefit of mankind. E
3、ngineering is one of the oldest occupations in the history of mankind. Without the skills included in the field of engineering our present-day civilization could never have evolved. Engineering is the practical application of the findings of theoretical science so that they can be put to work for th
4、e benefit of mankind. Engineering is one of the oldest occupations in the history of mankind. Without the skills included in the field of engineering our present-day civilization could never have evolved.土木工程是科学理论的发现在实践中的应 用，并由此造福人类。土木工程是人类历史上 最古老的职业之一，没有工程上的进步就无法 进入今天的文明。 Civil engineering is a bra
5、nch of engineering that deals with the design and construction of structures that are intended to be stationary, such as buildings and houses, tunnels, bridges, canals, highways, airports, port facilities, and road beds for railroads. Civil engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with the
6、design and construction of structures that are intended to be stationary, such as buildings and houses, tunnels, bridges, canals, highways, airports, port facilities, and road beds for railroads. 土木工程是工程学的一个分支，它主研究 各种固定建筑物的设计和建造，包括建筑、房 屋、隧道、桥梁、河道、公路、机场、港口设 施以及铁路路基的设计和修建。 Among its subdivisions are s
7、tructural engineering, dealing with permanent structures; hydraulic engineering, dealing with the flow of water and other fluids; and environment/sanitary engineering, dealing with water supply, water purification, and sewer system, as well as urban planning and design. Among its subdivisions are st
8、ructural engineering, dealing with permanent structures; hydraulic engineering, dealing with the flow of water and other fluids; and environment/sanitary engineering, dealing with water supply, water purification, and sewer system, as well as urban planning and design.它又可分为结构工程，主要研究永久性建 筑；水利工程，主要研究水
9、和其他流体的流动 ；环境/卫生工程，主要研究水的供应、净化和 排水系统，以及城市规划与设计。 The term “civil engineering” originally came into use to distinguish it from military engineering. Civil engineering dealt with permanent structures for civilian uses, whereas military engineering dealt with temporary structures for military uses. The t
10、erm “civil engineering” originally came into use to distinguish it from military engineering. Civil engineering dealt with permanent structures for civilian uses, whereas military engineering dealt with temporary structures for military uses. 使用“土木工程”这个词的目的是要将其与军 事工程相区别。土木工程涉及民用的永久性建 筑；而军事工程主要研究军用的临
11、时性建筑。Civil engineering offers a particular challenge because almost every structure or system that is designed and built by civil engineers is unique. One structure rarely duplicates another exactly. Civil engineering offers a particular challenge because almost every structure or system that is des
12、igned and built by civil engineers is unique. One structure rarely duplicates another exactly. 土木工程学科特别具有挑战性，这是 由于工程师设计和建造的每一幢建筑物或 每一个系统几乎都是独一无二的，一种结 构几乎不可能与另一种结构完全相同。Even when structures seem to be identical, site requirement or other factors generally result in modification. Large structures like
13、dams, bridges, or tunnels may differ substantially from previous structures. Even when structures seem to be identical, site requirement or other factors generally result in modification. Large structures like dams, bridges, or tunnels may differ substantially from previous structures.即便外表看上去相同的建筑物，
14、由于场地 要求或其他因素的改变通常会导致设计方案的 不同。大型建筑物如堤坝、桥梁或隧道工程， 可能与以前的结构有实质差异。Engineers must be willing to undergo a continual process of education and be able to work in other disciplines. They must also adapt themselves to two requirements of all engineering projects. Engineers must be willing to undergo a continu
15、al process of education and be able to work in other disciplines. They must also adapt themselves to two requirements of all engineering projects.工程师必须愿意接受继续教育并且能够在 其他领域工作。他们必须具有工程技术所要求 的两个必要条件。 First, the system that engineers produce must be workable not only from a technical but also from an econ
16、omic point of view. This means that engineers must cooperate with management and government officials who are very cost-conscious. First, the system that engineers produce must be workable not only from a technical but also from an economic point of view. This means that engineers must cooperate with management and government officia
