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1、(倒装句)Inversion第七讲 句法、特定结构及其其他 语法现象倒装She is a nice girl. 英语句子的语序英语句子的自然语序：英语句子的倒装结构:主语在前，谓语动词在后谓语动词放在主语之前自然语序Is she a nice girl? 倒装语序完全倒装部分倒装*完全倒装：*部分倒装：全部谓语放在主语之前只把助动词、情态动词或连系动 词放在主语之前，谓语的主体部 分仍在主语之后。_英语倒装句分为两种：There is a table in the room.Why did you do it like that?Can you tell the following ?完全倒装
2、部分倒装部分倒装一、完全倒装1. 在there, here 引导的句子中，谓语是be, exist, live,lie 等表示状态的不及物动词。There is nobody in the classroom. There seems something wrong with my radio. There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.2、在there, here 引导的句子中,谓语动词 用come,go,follow,enter,rush,occur(发生)等。There goes the bell. There happened a
3、n event last week. Here comes your husband.注意： 主语是人称代词时，则不需倒装。Here he comes.Here it is.3、副词now, then, thus（因此，如此 ） 引导的句子里，谓语 是come, follow, begin, end, be等Now comes your turn! Then followed another shot of gun. Thus ended the meeting.4.in,out,down,up,over,away,off,back, below 等副词作状语置于句首时，谓语常用 动词有com
4、e, go, rush等不及物动词。Up and up go the prices. Off went the horses.Down came the brown waves! 但如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。Back they fought. （fight back 还击）Up it flew.、在直接引语全部或部分置于句首时， 引用动词和它的主语（名词）往往要倒装。“Youve made great progress this term.”said the teacher.“Tom”,said his father, “ You shouldnt make friends with su
5、ch boys!”注意：1)主语是代词时，倒装不倒装都可以。 “Where are you going?”asked he.(He asked.)2)引用动词另有宾语时，即使主语是名词 也不倒装。 “Why didnt you join us!”Our monitor asked us.6、谓语谓语是be, 表语表语提前时，整个句子需倒装。Happy is he who devoted himself to the cause of communism.Such was Albert Einstein, a single man of great achievements.7、地点状语提前，为
6、了保持句子平衡且谓语 是be , stand, sit , lie, come 等动词时。On every piece of paper was a picture of a horse.From a speaker on the wall comes the doctors voice.On the ground lay a goat.二、部分倒装1、在以so, nor, neither 开头的句子里。(也是; 也不是）A fish can swim and so can I.I get up at seven and so does my brother.He didnt do it an
7、d neither did I.He didnt smoke, nor did he drink.）如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面 句子的意思，则不倒装.（确实是）-It is hot today. -So it is. -He finished it on time. -So he did.注意：）如按照别人的意思做了什么事，so也不 用倒装(某人照办了）The teacher asked me to read louder , and I did so.3)当前面的句子中主语、谓语或肯否定形 式不同时，则用so it is with.句型来表示 。Tom likes singing, b
8、ut he doesnt like dancing. So it is with Mary.Tom is clever and he studies hard. So it is with Mary.2、在疑问句里Do you have an English class every day?What did the two cheats pretend to be doing?3、在不带if的虚拟条件从句中。(=If he should be interested in this subject, )Should he be interested in this subject, he mig
9、ht work hard at it.Had I known the answer, I should have told you.(=If I had known the answer, I should have )never, hardly, scarcely 几乎不，仅仅，决不 seldom, little, barely 仅够，几乎没有rarely 不常，很少nowhere无处，到处都无 by no means 决不 in no case,at no time 决不 not untilhardly (scarcely)when, no sooner.than(一就)4. 在否定或半否
10、定词放句首表示强调时，部分倒装。Never before have I met him.Hardly did I think it possible.Not a single paper did the scholar write the whole term（条款，条件）.Seldom did the boy read newspaper.Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery（ 风景，景色）.Nowhere could we find the book.Hardly had he entered the house when i
11、t began to rain.No sooner had they entered the house than it began to rain.1)当上述单词不提前时，则不倒装。I seldom read newspaper before.He had hardly finished his homework when the light went out.注注 意意2)当这些词作形容词修饰主语时且置句首时，句子不倒装。 Little work was done yesterday.5.Neithernor连接的两个句子两个句子都要倒装； not onlybut also连接的两个句子时
12、，not only后面的句子要倒装,but also不倒装1)Neither has he called on her, nor will he do so.2)Not only shall we learn from books, but also we should learn from practice. 6. 当“so (such).that.“结构中的so 或such位于句首句首时,构成部分倒装句 。 So busy is the dentist that he has no time to spare.7. only位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句 时,要用部分倒装。注意:o
13、nly修饰状语从句时,主句中倒装,从句中不倒装;only修饰的不是状语时,则不用倒装语序。Only the teachers can come in. 他只有昨天动身去东京。Only yesterday did he leave for Tokyo.只有当他们回来的时候，我们才知道结果。Only when they came back could we know the results.只有用这种方式，我们才能计算出这道数学题。Only in this way can we work out the math problem.v 当however, no matter how引导让步状语从句
14、时,常把however / no matter how + 形容词 / 副词放在句首,此时主谓不倒装。vNo matter how well a poem is translated ,something of the spirit of the original work is lost. 当方式状语、频度状语等移至句 首时，有时也会引起部分倒装。 Gladly would I pay more if I could get better service by doing so. Many a time has Mike given me good service. 当然，方式状语移至句首，
15、也可以不用倒装 。 Stealthily the girl crept out of the door. Slowly and impressively he rose from his seat.三、不引起倒装的前置 不引起倒装的前置成分通常是宾语、主语补 语和宾语补语。 A horrible mess you have make of it. (宾语前置） Very strange it seemed. (主语补语前置） A scandal I call it. (宾语补语）练习：1. So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.A.I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 2. _ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D.Not onl
