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1、 Cao LifangChengguan Middle School完型填空是一项集词汇，语法，阅读理解能力为一体的练习 。因此，要求学生掌握足够的词汇及词语活用能力。学习要有 扎实的英语语法基本功；能熟练运用动词时态及语态；学生要 有较宽的阅读面及其派生的英语语感；学生还得具备依据上下 文猜测和推断能力；学生还需了解相应的一些文化背景知识及 国内外时事而学生的这些能力地培养大量地依赖于平时的 课堂教学。目前，到了复习阶段的学生实际上已经在大脑中储 存了相当的知识,有的处于睡眠状态。因此，我们的首要任务是 如何唤醒学生的记忆，引领学生把已有的知识重新整合，比较 ，为完型填空奠定扎实的基本功。我
2、们发现有的学生在做单项填空或专项练习时几乎没有问题 ，但是一做完型填空就犯迷糊，观察这些同学的解题方法，问 题就一目了然了。大部分同学在做题时有以下几个特点：1.只见树木，不见森林。 2.思维定势，急于求成。 3.只重其义，不重其形。 4. 草草收工, 不做检查一、一般的解题过程是：1、 通读全文，掌握大意，结合选项初步弄清 短文写了些什么内容。（1） 总体把握要通读完形填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要内 容，切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。（2） 弄清体裁文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽 默故事、科普知识、童话、简短新
3、 闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。 读这类文章，要大体上了解故事所 涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及 前因后果。（3）重视主题句。完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题 句，往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中间 或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入 了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以语句为立足点，从该句的时 态、语气推测全文的主要内容。（4）语境联想。利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经 验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。 2、瞻前顾后，分析先行。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子 作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空 缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须
4、自然、合理，不可出 现意义断层或说东道西的情况，必须从空缺句的内部结 构入手，从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化等角度考虑 ，务必使所填的单词准确无误。3、反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。如实词多 与文章的内容直接相关，虚词多与文章的连贯性或句子 结构直接相关，如果从内容上实在看不出要填哪个单词 的话，应考虑是否需要填介词、连词等。4、验证答案，修正错误。着重注意这几点：1、文章是否顺畅；2、所填单词是否是最佳单词；3、所填单词是否有拼写错误。二、解题技巧1、词语搭配。（1）从语法角度来说，句子不是词的序列，而是词 组的序列。（2）因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。（3）词序
5、和意义皆以固定的复合词的动词短语。（4）因词组而构成的常见的句式，注意：要区别外 形相近而意义不同的搭配。要区别形不相似而意义 相近的搭配,译成汉语时似乎相通，但更要注意它们 之间的搭配变化；要注意单个词组的多义性。2、语法判定。（1）要注意出现频率较高的词类题，依次为动词、介词、代 词、连词、形容词、副词。选择各类词时，要注意以下几个 方面：名词的选择，应联系文章主题及空格前后出现的有关词，注意其性和 数的一致。动词的选用，要注意词义和惯用搭配，还要区分近义词之间的用法差 异及所给词的形式。选择介词，应注意其惯用法，特别是与动词或其他词组成的固定搭配 。选择代词，要注意性、数、格是否准确。选
6、择连词，要注意分析前后句或上下文的逻辑关系。选择形容词和副词，要注意词义的区别，用于比较时，还要注意词形 变化。（2）要注意句法题，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒 装。句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑 问句、感叹句的词序为多见，其次是祈使句的零时态等。句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。中考考查要 点是在复合句里的状语从句、宾语从句和直接/间接引语，也考查简 单的定语从句。句子的省略与倒装很少考查，却要看懂，不能引起对文章的曲解。（3）在语法适用方面，可以用择优法和排除法。择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法 上又没有语病的答案。排除
7、法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不 妥，或存在语法错误，或与上下文有矛盾，则迅速排除不合适的选项 ，剩下的就是正确答案。3、例举对比。在完形填空的多项选 择中，常常会遇到难 以选择的题目。需要 调动头脑里的知识“储 备”，例举熟知的语言 现象与之相比较，再 做出明智的选择。Mr. Smith was a very forgetful man. He always forgot his things. 31 , he even forgot 32 ,he was talking about. So his wife 33 remember things for him and
8、 remind him.One summer, Mr. Smith decided 34 his holiday with his young children on the beach. 35 make the trip 36 for his children, he kept the name of the beach a secret. As his wife had to work that summer, he had to take the children 37 . And unfortunately he forgot the name of the beach when th
9、ey 38 the railway station. So he left his children 39 a friend, whom he met at the station. And he himself hurried back to ask his wife.His wife was 40 to see him back alone. When she heard the reason, she wrote down the name of the beach on a piece of paper and told him, “ 41 the paper with you and
10、 take care 42 it! ”Mr. Smith went away.But ten minutes later, Mr. Smith came back again.“ 43 is the matter with you this time? Did you lose the paper ?”His wife was 44 .“Ive forgotten 45 I left our children.”Mr. Smith was a very forgetful man. He always forgot his things. 31 , he even forgot 32 ,he
11、was talking about. So his wife 33 remember things for him and remind him.One summer, Mr. Smith decided 34 his holiday with his young children on the beach. 35 make the trip 36 for his children, he kept the name of the beach a secret. As his wife had to work that summer, he had to take the children 3
12、7 . And unfortunately he forgot the name of the beach when they 38 the railway station. So he left his children 39 a friend, whom he met at the station. And he himself hurried back to ask his wife.( )31. A. Some time B. Some times C. Sometime D. Sometimes( )32. A. what B. who C. which D. that( )33.
13、A. must B. had to C. hoped to D. wanted to( )34. A. to take B. to pay C. to go D. to spend( )35. A. So B. In order that C. In order to D. So that( )36. A. most interesting B. more interesting C. less interesting D. less happy( )37. A. along B. with C. away D. alone( )38. A. got to B. got at C. arriv
14、ed to D. reached at( )39. A. of B. for C. to D. awayD ABD CBDACHis wife was 40 to see him back alone. When she heard the reason, she wrote down the name of the beach on a piece of paper and told him, “ 41 the paper with you and take care 42 it! ”Mr. Smith went away.But ten minutes later, Mr. Smith came back again.“ 43 is the matter with you this time? Did you lose the paper ?”His wife was 44 .“Ive forgotten 45 I left our children.”( )40. A. surprised B. excited C. glad D. surprising( )41. A. Give B. Take C. Bring D. Carry( )42. A. not lose B. dont lose C. not to lose D. to
