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1、 英语构词法主要有派生法(即词根加前 缀或后缀构成的新词)、合成法和转化法三 种。从近几年的广东高考题来看，阅读理 解中除了有汉语注明的个别生词，以及大 约2.5%的派生词和合成词外，没有出现过 考纲外的生词。因此，熟练掌握考纲词汇 和掌握常见的构词法，阅读这一关就好突 破了。语法填空中必有一道题是考查词类转换 的。考查不同词性在句中的不同用法， 其中主要涉及到以下三条： 1. 在句中修饰动词或形容词等作状语, 用 副词； 2. 在句中作定语、表语或补语, 一般用形 容词； 3. 作主语、及物动词或者介词的宾语, 用 名词。1. He must be 20 (mental) disabled.
2、 解析：修饰分词形容词disabled，作状语， 用副词形式，故填mentally。2. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled 34 (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. 解析：修饰谓语动词smiled，作状语，用副 词形式，故填warmly。近年广东高考真题：3. But Jane knew from past experience that her 36 _ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 解析: 在
3、that引导的宾语从句中作主语应 当用名词, 或者说, 在形容词性物主代词后, 一定是用名词形式, 故填choice。4. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 39 _(nature) course. 解析：在名词course前作定语, 要用形容词, 故填natural。5. We drank together and talked 38 _ (merry) till far into the night. 解析：修饰谓语动词talked, 作状语, 应用 副词, 故填merrily。在五年高考中，由形容词变副词考了
4、3 年，由名词变形容词考了1年，由动词 变名词考了1年。 下面我们对常见的构词法进行扼要的归 纳： 一、形容词加-ly变为副词的规律 1. 一般情况加-ly。如：real really/ careful carefully/ polite politely /quick quickly2. “辅音字母+y”结尾的，将y改为- ily。如：angry angrily/ busy busily/ heavy heavily 3. 以-ble结尾的，将ble改为bly。如 ：probable probably/ possible possibly4. 个别单词，去掉e再加ly。如： gentle g
5、ently/ true truly 5. 以-ic结尾的，加ally。如：basic basically/ energetic energetically注意：有的名词+ly 形容词 如： friend friendly/day daily 1. I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time. _ (fortunate), I was held up by the heavy traffic jam.2. Therefore, when they become older they are _ (able) to do any other ki
6、nd of work.一、单句填空unable unfortunately3. Very early the next morning, amazingly, we got completely satisfied in a totally _(expect) way.4. I wont do the purchase because the price of this dress is _(reason).unreasonable unexpected5. Job _ (apply) need to show their ability to be both organized and fl
7、exible in taking on many tasks at the same time.6. All facts are the source of _ (conclude).conclusionsapplicants7. However, most _(science) agree that EQ has a lot to do with _ (educate).8. Excellent oral and written _ (communicate) skills in Chinese and English are of _ (important). importancescie
8、ntists educationcommunication9. Fresh fruits and vegetables can provide much of our daily _ (require). 10. It is your _ (free) to do what you want after class.freedom requirement11. As is known to us all, the Entrance Exam is a great _, and the students are _. (compete)12. I am _(grate) to you for y
9、our help. 13. He gave me some _(construct) suggestions.grateful competition competitorsconstructive 14. A jurys decision in a court case must be absolutely _ (object).15. He devoted much money to building schools in _(mountain) areas.16. Unfortunately, my car broke down on a _ (mud) road.muddy objec
10、tivemountainous17. Everyone should play his part in building a _(harmony) society.18. The _(mystery) letter sent from Taiwan made the professor lost in thought.19. To make myself _, I would do some _exercise after work. (relax)relaxing harmoniousmysteriousrelaxed20. All the children felt _ when they
11、 heard the _ news. (discourage)21. We _ (apology) for the late departure of this flight.apologized discouraged discouraging22. The article can _(long) out a little by adding some examples.23. His illness _(worse) during the night.24. Letting that animal escape was no accident; you did it _(intention
12、).intentionally lengthen worsened25. The black people were against slavery and fought for their freedom _(brave).26. Our products are sold _, (world).27. He went out of the office _ (hurry) to run after her.hurriedly bravelyworldwide28. I lost my balance and fell _ (back).29. They live in the _(west
13、) part of the village.30. Its very important to eat _ (health).healthily backwardwestern二、 语法填空A group of robbers dug their way into the basement of a bank in Paris and emptied almost 200 private safes.They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building 31 _(equip) to dig holes and destroy walls
14、32 _Saturday night. 31. 名词作宾语。 32. 星期前用介词on。equipment onThey tied up a 33 _(secure) guard and spent the next nine hours robbing the bank.One 34 _(investigate) described the robbery as a “35 _ (profession) job”. 33. 名词作定语，security guard“保安”。 34. 名词作主语, 再根据谓语动词可知是指人。 35. 形容词作定语。 securityinvestigatorpr
15、ofessionalThe robbers came in at about 22:00 on Saturday and left at 7:00 on Sunday. They entered through the basements of the neighboring building, digging through a series of tunnels and making a hole into a wall of 80 cm thick to get into the bank, 36 _was having building works at the time. 36. 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。 whichWh
