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1、中庸解读与英译第三部分第二十二章唯天下至诚，为能尽其性。能尽其性，则能 尽人之性；能尽人之性，则能尽物之性； 能尽物之性，则可以赞天地之化育；可以 赞天地之化育，则可以与天地参矣。 注释 “天下至诚”：“谓圣人之德之实，天下莫能加也”（朱熹） “尽其性”：充分发挥自身的本性 “尽人之性”：人，他人，众人 赞，助，帮助。 “与天地参”： 参，同“叁”。“与天地并立为三也”（朱熹）唯天下之至诚，为能尽其性。 能尽其性，则能尽人之性； 能尽人之性，则能尽物之性； 能尽物之性，则可以赞天地之化育； 可以赞天地之化育，则可以与天地参矣。It is only he who is possessed of
2、the most complete sincerity that can exist under heaven, who can give its full development to his nature. Able to give its full development to his own nature, he can do the same to the nature of other men.Able to give its full development to the nature of other men, he can give their full developmen
3、t to the natures of animals and things.Able to give their full development to the natures of creatures and things, he can assist the transforming and nourishing powers of Heaven and Earth.Able to assist the transforming and nourishing powers of Heaven and Earth, he may with Heaven and Earth form a t
4、ernion. Notes: ternion：(罕)三个一套；三合一；三人(事物或思想等)的组合。第二十四章至诚之道，可以前知。国家将兴，必有祯祥 ；国家将亡，必有妖孽。见乎蓍龟，动乎 四体。祸福将至：善，必先知之；不善， 必先知之。故至诚如神。 注释 前知：预知 见，现 蓍龟，蓍，蓍草，“所以筮”；龟：龟甲，“所以卜”。 四体：四肢，指祭祀时的四肢动作至诚之道，可以前知。国家将兴，必有祯祥 ；国家将亡，必有妖孽。 It is characteristic of the most entire sincerity to be able to foreknow. When a nation or
5、 family is about to flourish, there are sure to be happy omens; and when it is about to perish, there are sure to be unlucky omens. 双喜临门 A double blessing has descended upon the house 见乎蓍龟，动乎四体。祸福将至：善，必先 知之，不善，必先知之。故至诚如神。 Such events are seen in the milfoil and tortoise, and affect the movements of
6、the four limbs. When calamity or happiness is about to come, the good shall certainly be foreknown by him, and the evil also. Therefore the individual possessed of the most complete sincerity is like a spirit.注释 milfoil【植物；植物学】蓍草芪草；小二仙草第二十五章诚者自成也，而道自道也。诚者物之终始，不诚无 物。是故君子诚之为贵。诚者非成己而已也，所 以成物也。成己，仁也；成物，
7、知也。性之德也 ，合内外之道也。故时措之宜也。 注释 自成，自我完善； 自道，自我引导。 时措：适时实施 注意本段提出的思想：君子贵诚，内外合道诚者自成也，而道自道也。 Sincerity is that whereby self-completion is effected, and its way is that by which man must direct himself. 诚者物之终始，不诚无物。 Sincerity is the end and beginning of things; without sincerity there would be nothing. 是故君子诚
8、之为贵。 On this account, the superior man regards the attainment of sincerity as the most excellent thing. Notes ：whereby: 关系由那个，凭那个；由此。诚者非成己而已也，所以成物也。The possessor of sincerity does not merely accomplish the self- completion of himself. With this quality he completes other men and things also. 成己，仁也；成
9、物，知也。 The completing himself shows his perfect virtue. The completing other men and things shows his knowledge. 性之德也，合内外之道也。故时措之宜也。 But these are virtues belonging to the nature, and this is the way by which a union is effected of the external and internal. Therefore, whenever he-the entirely sincer
10、e man-employs them,-that is, these virtues, their action will be right. 第二十六章故至诚无息，不息则久，久则征，征则悠远，悠远则博厚， 博厚则高明。博厚，所以载物也，高明，所以覆物也，悠 久，所以成物也。博厚配地，高明配天，悠久无疆。如此 者，不见而章，不动而变，无为而成。 天地之道，可一言而尽也：其为物不贰，则其生物不测。天 地之道，博也，厚也，高也，明也，悠也，久也。今夫天 ，斯昭昭之多，及其无穷也，日月星辰系焉，万物覆焉。 今夫地，一撮土之多，及其广厚，载华岳而不重，振河海 而不泄。今夫山，一卷石之多，及其广大，草木
11、生之，禽 兽居之，宝藏兴焉。今夫水，一勺之多，及其不测，鼋鼍 (tuo)蛟龙鱼鳖生焉，货财殖焉。 诗云：“维天之命，於穆不已！”盖曰天之所以为天也。“於乎 不显！文王之德之纯！”盖曰文王之所以为文也，纯亦不已 。 故至诚无息，不息则久，久则征，征则悠远， 悠远则博厚，博厚则高明。 Hence to entire sincerity there belongs ceaselessness. Not ceasing, it continues long. Continuing long, it evidences itself. Evidencing itself, it reaches far.
12、 Reaching far, it becomes large and substantial. Large and substantial, it becomes high and brilliant. 博厚，所以载物也；高明，所以覆物也；悠久，所以 成物也。 Large and substantial;-this is how it contains all things. High and brilliant;-this is how it overspreads all things. Reaching far and continuing long;-this is how it p
13、erfects all things. 博厚配地，高明配天，悠久无疆。 So large and substantial, the individual possessing it is the co-equal of Earth. So high and brilliant, it makes him the co-equal of Heaven. So far- reaching and long-continuing, it makes him infinite. 如此者，不见而章，不动而变，无为而成。 Such being its nature, without any display
14、, it becomes manifested; without any movement, it produces changes; and without any effort, it accomplishes its ends .天地之道，可一言而尽也：其为物不贰，则其 生物不测。The way of Heaven and Earth may be completely declared in one sentence.-They are without any doubleness, and so they produce things in a manner that is unfa
15、thomable. 天地之道，博也，厚也，高也，明也，悠也， 久也。The way of Heaven and Earth is large and substantial, high and brilliant, far- reaching and long-enduring.注释： fathom, 测深；探索；fathomable, unfathomable 今夫天，斯昭昭之多，及其无穷也，日月星辰系焉， 万物覆焉。 The Heaven now before us is only this bright shining spot; but when viewed in its inexh
16、austible extent, the sun, moon, stars, and constellations of the zodiac, are suspended in it, and all things are overspread by it. 今夫地，一撮土之多，及其广厚，载华岳而不重，振 河海而不泄。 The earth before us is but a handful of soil; but when regarded in its breadth and thickness, it sustains mountains like the Hwa and the Yo, without feeling their weight, and contains the rivers and seas, without their leaking away. 注释： 昭，光。 constellation星座，星群；zodiac黄道带 华岳，即华山，故译文有误; 振：此处作“收”、“约束”今夫山，一卷石之多，及其广大，草木生之，禽兽居之，宝藏 兴焉。
