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1、Chapter One: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IContentsUnit One :Brief Introduction of the UK12Unit Two: The Government, Politics and Economy34Unit Three: Education and Literature Unit Four: Culture and Social Unit 1 A Brief Introduction to the United KingdomI. Different Names for Br
2、itain and its PartsII. Geographical FeaturesIII. Climate and peopleIV. The History of Great BII. Different Names for Britain and its Parts1. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.2.The Definition of The UK., Great Britain and England.England, Scotland, Wales Norther
3、n Ireland.Great Britain Irelandhundreds of small ones.The UKGreat Britain3.The British Isles:(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.(2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. Capital: Edinburgh.(3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Cap
4、ital: Cardiff(4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Bthe British Isles, Great Britain and England the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 加的夫 Cardiff 贝尔法斯特BelfastNorth SeaNorth Atlantic Ocean English Channel Strait of Dover north and west: highlands east and s
5、outheast: lowlands III. Geographical FTower bridgeOriginKembleMouthNorth SeaThames Rmaritime climate plenty of rainfall prevailing south-west winds and west wind North Atlantic Drift (北大西洋暖流) Humidity 2. The prevailing south-west winds bringing warm and wet air in winter and keeping the temperatures
6、 moderate;3. The North Atlantic Drift passes the western coast ofthe British Isles and warms them.3. What are the three natural zones in Scotland？There is a water surplus in the north and west, and a water deficit in the south and east.The three natural zones in Scotland are: the Highlands in the no
7、rth; the Central lowlands, and the south U4. What is the main problem in Northern Ireland？Hundreds of years ago Scots and English Protestants were sent to live in Northern Ireland. Since then there has been fighting between the Protestants and the Roman Catholics. The former are the dominant group,
8、while the latter are seeking more social, political and economic opportunities. The British Government and the government of Ireland are now working together to bring peace to Northern II. The Celtic people from Europe (100AD)II. Roman Invasion (55BC-410AD)III. The Anglo-Saxons From Germany (446-871
9、)IVViking and Danish invasionsVThe Norman Conquest (1066)VI. British Empire. (1400-1946)VI. The History of Great BUnite II The Politics of Great BritainNational Flag of the United K英格兰，苏格兰和爱尔兰旗帜National Emblem national anthem ： “god save the queen”（ 如在位的是男性君主，国歌改为“god save the king”） National flower
10、：Rose National bird：红胸鸽 (redbreast/robin)The MonarchyI. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, the head of state is a king or a queen. .II. The monarch actually has no real power. The monarchs power are limited by law and Parliament. Constitutional monarchy began after the Glorious Revolut
11、ion in Buckingham palace 宫前维多利亚像Victoria Memorial 高 帽 卫 兵 The main functions :(1) to pass laws; (2) to provide, by voting for taxation, the means of carrying on the work of government; (3) to examine government Policy and administrations, including proposal for expenditure; (4) to debate the major i
12、ssues of the day.The English ParliamentThe British Parliament House of Lords House of CParties1. Britain has a number of parties, but there are only two major parties. These two parties are the Conservative Party and the Labour Party. 2. The Prime Minister presides over the Cabinet, is responsible f
13、or the allocation of functions among ministers and informs the Queen at regular meetings of general business of the Government. The Current UK EconomyNational economies can be divided into three main areas:Primary industries: agriculture, fishing, and mining. Secondary industries: manufacture comple
14、x goods fromprimary productsTertiary industries: banking, insurance, tourism andselling of goods(often described as services )Energy production is an important part of the UK economy, accounting for 5% of The national wealth. Great Britain has abundant supplies of coal, oil, and natural gas. The country is self-sufficient in petroleum. Agricultural sector:Britains agricultura
