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1、简单句和并列句语法框架图一、句法：1、按使用目的分： 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句. .2、按其结构可以分按其结构可以分: : 简单句简单句 五种基本句型五种基本句型并列句并列句 复合句复合句 定语从句定语从句 状语从句状语从句 名词性从句（名词性从句（ 主语、主语、 宾语、宾语、 表语、同位语从句）表语、同位语从句）3、倒装句 (全部倒装 部分倒装）4、虚拟语气 （三种基本结构以及错综条件句）5、非谓语动词 （功能，尤其是现在分词与过去分 词的用法）6、主谓一致二、词法：7、名词结构 （可数与不可数名词，不可数名词前加不定冠 词的用法）8、动词的时态和语态（8
2、种常用时态的熟练掌握，特别注 意语境）9、情态动词 （特别注意表推测和不表推测的情态动词的用 法）10、代词 （几组代词的比较）11、形容词与副词 （相似形容词和副词的比较，倍数表达 法）句法知识1.Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, but the way they actually are. 2. In the silence for the pauses, we could hear each others breathing and could almost bear
3、our own heartbeats. Step 1 分析下列句子3. Polar bears live mostly on sea ice, which they use as a platform for hunting seals. 4. The biggest problem for most plants, which cant just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them. Step 2 句子的种类（一）按使用目的可分为（一）按使用目的可分为: :陈述句、疑问句、陈述句、疑问句、
4、 祈使句、感叹句祈使句、感叹句. .1 1）陈述句）陈述句: :说明一个事实或陈述一种看法说明一个事实或陈述一种看法. . 光比声速度快光比声速度快. .这部电影很乏味这部电影很乏味. .Light travels faster than sound. Light travels faster than sound. （说明事实）（说明事实）The film is rather boring. The film is rather boring. （说明看法）（说明看法）2 2）疑问句）疑问句: :提出问题提出问题, ,有以下四种有以下四种: : A. A. 一般疑问句一般疑问句: : 你能按
5、时完成工作吗？你能按时完成工作吗？ B. B. 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句: : 什么使得你如此伤心？什么使得你如此伤心？ 你怎么知道那件事？你怎么知道那件事？ C. C. 选择疑问句选择疑问句: : 你是要茶还是要咖啡？你是要茶还是要咖啡？ D. D. 反意疑问句反意疑问句: : 他不认识她他不认识她, ,对不对？对不对？Can you finish the work in time?Can you finish the work in time?How do you know that?How do you know that?Do you want tea or coffee?Do you w
6、ant tea or coffee?He doesnt know her, does he?He doesnt know her, does he?What made you so upset?What made you so upset?3 3）祈使句）祈使句: :提出请求提出请求, ,建议或发出命令，省略主语建议或发出命令，省略主语youyou的句子。的句子。Work hard, and you will succeed.4 4）感叹句）感叹句: :表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪. .由由how how 和和whatwhat引导引导好好干，你就会成功的。好
7、好干，你就会成功的。多好的消息啊！多好的消息啊！What good news it is!What good news it is!How good the news is!（二）句子按其结构可以分为（二）句子按其结构可以分为: :简单句、并列句、复合句简单句、并列句、复合句. .1. 1. 判断下列句式判断下列句式a. a. Both my wife and I are from Beijing. Both my wife and I are from Beijing. b.b. My father and mother go to work at 7 in the morning.My f
8、ather and mother go to work at 7 in the morning.c. c.He likes playing basketball while I like playing volleyball.He likes playing basketball while I like playing volleyball.d.d. Remember to write to your parents as soon as you get there.Remember to write to your parents as soon as you get there.简单句简
9、单句简单句简单句复合句复合句并列句并列句Your Topic Goes Here YOUR SUBTOPICS GO HEREYour Topic Goes HereYOUR SUBTOPICS GO HERE简单句简单句简单句简单句简单句简单句e. Pe. Peter received a letter just now saying his eter received a letter just now saying his grandma would come to see him soon. grandma would come to see him soon. f. No perso
10、n shall smoke or carry a lighted f. No person shall smoke or carry a lighted cigarettecigarette，cigar or pipe in this areacigar or pipe in this area” ”g. The children went home from the grammar g. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons finished for the day. school, their lesso
11、ns finished for the day. （二）句子按其结构可以分为（二）句子按其结构可以分为: :简单句、并列句、复合句简单句、并列句、复合句. .1 1）简单句）简单句: :只含一个主谓结构只含一个主谓结构. .她喜欢集邮她喜欢集邮. . 2 2）并列句）并列句: :含两或两个以上主谓结构含两或两个以上主谓结构, ,句间由并列连词或分号句间由并列连词或分号 连接连接. .食物很精美食物很精美, ,但他却没什么胃口但他却没什么胃口. . 3 3）复合句）复合句: :含一个主句和一个或几个从句含一个主句和一个或几个从句, ,从句由从属连词引导从句由从属连词引导. .我们到达电影院的时候
12、我们到达电影院的时候, ,电影已经开演了电影已经开演了. .She is fond of collecting stamps.She is fond of collecting stamps.The food was good, but he had little appetite.The food was good, but he had little appetite.The film had begun when we got to the cinema. The film had begun when we got to the cinema. 简 单 句1 1）主）主+ +动（动（S
13、VSV）2 2）主）主+ +系系 + +表（表（SVPSVP）3 3）主）主+ +动动 + +宾（宾（SVOSVO）4 4）主）主+ +动动 + +间宾间宾 + +直宾（直宾（SVOiOdSVOiOd）5 5）主）主+ +动动 + +宾宾 + +补（补（SVOCSVOC）6 6）There be There be 句型句型六种基本句型a. You are sitting on the train home. b. There comes the bus ! c. The egos potential for expansion is limitless.Breckenridge hosts t
14、he international Snow Sculpture Championships.There existed a nation in the ocean.Our neighbors gave us a baby bird yesterday.We think it our duty to study well.主主+ +动（动（SVSV） 主主+ +动（动（SVSV） 主主+ +系系 + +表（表（SVPSVP）主主+ +动动 + +宾（宾（SVOSVO）There be There be 句型句型主主+ +动动 + +间宾间宾 + +直宾（直宾（SVOiOdSVOiOd）主主+ +
15、动动 + +宾宾 + +补（补（SVOCSVOC）判断下列句子属于何种句式Exercises a. What lovely children are ! b. What a fine weather it is ! c. There used to have an old temple over there. d. Come here a moment, do you? e. To try some of this juice- perhaps youll like it . f. May you happy! g. Tom, cleans the window this afternoon.
16、 h. He looked sad at me.改错：they are !be willbe happy ! clean sadly（三）基本句型（三）基本句型: :英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是 由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的: :1 1）主）主+ +动（动（S+VS+V）I work.I work.2 2）主）主+ +系系 + +表（表（S+V+PS+V+P）Things are getting betterThings are getting better. She turned doctor She turned doctor. 表状态存在的系动词：表状态存在的系动词：be, be, seem, seem, appear, appe
