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1、 What is the Passive Voice?被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时， 谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的 主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用 被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+ 过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出 来。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态 (the Active Voice)被动语态(the Passive Voice)A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。We planted the tree.The tree was planted by us.We speak English.主语谓语宾语English is spoken
2、 by us.主语谓语宾语主动语态被动语态They cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。 The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。何时使用被动语态呢？ 一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法 说出动作的执行者时。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的 执行者时。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。 三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说” 、“大家说”等时。例如：
3、It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说 It is supposed that 四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如： Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被Paul叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如： He was born in October，1989 the Structure is助动词be+及物动词的过去分
4、词(be+V.P.P) 1.规则动词的过去分词： 1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch-watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice-practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-edstudy-studied4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop-stopped2.不规则动词的过去分词： am is arebeenhavehashaddodone writewritten gogone2)被动语态的结构： 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去 分词”构成，助动词be有人称、数的变化, 其变化规则与be作为连系动词时一样。
5、如：The desk is made of wood.The desks are made of wood. He is asked a question by the teacher. I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.在改写中应注意：1.把原原来的宾语宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语主语; ;2.把动词变成“be be + + 过去分词过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语主语变为介词byby的宾语宾语。典型题例 例1 将下列句子改为被动语态。We clean our classroom every day. Our classroo
6、m is cleaned (by us) every day.主变被解题步骤:1. 找宾语 -即动作的承受者They make shoes in that factory.Shoes2. 判断宾语的单复数 -即be动词的单复数.arewere3. 判断动词的时态 -即be动词的时态. 4. 修改谓语的时态 -即原句动词改为过去分词made5. 修改原句的主语 -即by+ 主语.by them.Tom broke the window. The window was broken by Tom. Tom broke the windows. The windows were broken by
7、Tom. He broke the windows. The windows were broken by him. 1.They make shoes in that factory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is /are(not) +过去分词HeHe rides rides the motorbikethe motorbike to his factory every to his factory every day.day.The motorbikeThe motorbike is
8、 riddenis ridden to his factory to his factory (by him)(by him) every dayevery day. .WeWe call call the snowmanthe snowman MrMr Strong. Strong.The snowmanThe snowman is calledis called MrMr Strong Strong (by us).(by us).A computer is used in our class every day. computer, use, class2. They bought te
9、n computers last year Ten computers were bought (by them) last year.一般过去时：S+was/were(not) +过去分词HeHe bought bought his friend some fruitshis friend some fruits yesterday. yesterday.His friendHis friend was boughtwas bought some fruitssome fruits (by him)(by him) yesterday.yesterday. Some fruitsSome f
10、ruits were boughtwere bought forfor his friend his friend (by him)(by him) yesterday.yesterday.bank, rob yesterdayman-made satellite, send up, space, last yearA man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.The bank was robbed yesterday.3Amy can take good care of the cat The cat can be taken g
11、ood care of by Amy.情态动词：S+ can/may/must/should(not) + be+过 去分词HeHe can carrycan carry the basketthe basket easily. easily.The basketThe basket can becan be easilyeasily carried carried by him.by him.TheyThey can singcan sing some beautiful songs.some beautiful songs.Some beautiful songsSome beautifu
12、l songs can be sungcan be sung by themby them. .“We must put them in the fridge.”The dogs thought .“ “TheyThey must be putmust be put in the fridge in the fridge (by (by us).us).”The”The dogs dogs thought.thought.4.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.
13、一般将来时：S+ will+ (not) be+过去分词TheyThey will have will have a showa show tomorrow. tomorrow.A showA show will be hadwill be had (by them)(by them) tomorrow. tomorrow.send to, hospital, right nowa talk, give , soonThey will be sent to the hospital right now.A talk will be given soon._ this house_ (sell)
14、 by the King?The little girl is so pretty that she _ (admire) by all people when she grows up.Will be soldWill be soldwill be admiredwill be admiredThe streets_ (light) by electricity.I _ (not invite)to tomorrows wedding. will be litwill be litwill/ shall not be invitedwill/ shall not be invitedwill
15、 not be done 否定结构Dogs will not be allowed to enter your classroom. allowsmokingstadiumallowSmoking will not be allowed in the stadium.Rewrite the letter in future Passive Voicewill ( not) be doneThe Olympic Game will be held in London. Many things _(do) for theGame. 30 billion yuan _on theprojects. An Olympic Village_ for the athletes and some hotels_ for the visitors to stay in. The roads _ _(make) wider and better and trees and flowers _along the road
