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1、Translation SkillsTranslation of Long, Complex SentencesTranslation一、英语句型1. 简单句2. 复合句3. 并列句1. 简单句 （one subject-predicate construction） He got up at 6 this morning. This morning, he got up at 6, washed his face, had a simple breakfast, and then went to school.2. 复合句 （main clause + subordinate clause）
2、 主语从句 名词性从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 形容词性从句 定语从句 主句 + 从属分句 时间 地点 原因 结果 副词性从句 状语从句 条件 方式 目的 让步 比较3. 并列句 （ + + ） This morning, he got up at 6, washed his face, had a simple breakfast, and then he went to school. 并列连词： and, but, so, or, for not onlybut also; on one handon the other hand; for one thingfor anothe
3、r; neithernor; eitheror; 4. 复杂句 并列句 （复合句） 复合句 （并列句） As reports came to London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted 35 miles south of London, they were not taken seriously, but as evidence began to accumulate, experts felt obliged to investigate for the descriptions given by people who claimed to ha
4、ve seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.二、长难句的翻译1. 句法解构grammatical structureChinese native rangetranslationlogical relationships between subordinatedclausesanalysisanalysisProcess of the Translation a long sentence剔除枝叶，析出主干The tobacco industry, coupled with Hollywood movies in which both male
5、and female heroes smoked like chimneys, completely won over people like my father, who were hopelessly hooked by cigarettes.烟草业，再加上好莱坞电影影片中的男女主 角都是老烟鬼把像我父亲那样的人完完全全 争取了过去，他们无可救药地抽烟上了瘾。SPOThe nearest person he could contact by radio, he couldnt help thinking if something should happen, would be on an
6、island 225 miles away.2. 翻译方法1）顺译Studies show that doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill do not want to know the truthabout their condition, and that informing themrisks destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate faster, perhaps even commit suicide.研究结果表明，
7、大多数医生深信身患重病的人不想 知道他们的真实病情。如果告知实情，则有可能使 他们完全失去希望; 从而使他们恢复得更慢，或恶化 得更快，甚至自寻短见。Object ClauseObject ClauseObject ClauseAdverbial ClauseIn these poor countries, as in American inner cities and on reservations, money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies; over time, people sta
8、rve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, eventually killing themselves.SP就像在美国的市中心和印第安人的居留地上发 生的事一样，在这些贫困的国家里，那些本应 该花在食物上的钱却流进了烟草公司。久而久 之，人们不但缺少食物，而且还缺少空气，这 样不但大大削弱了孩子们的体质，还使他们染 上了烟瘾, 最终使他们丧命。2. 换序 状语提前 I realize now that as a child I sat by, through the
9、 years, and literally watched my father kill himself : surely one such victory in my family, for the prosperous leaders who own the tobacco companies, is enough.现在，我意识到了，当我还是一个孩子的时候，许 多年中，我实际上是一直坐在旁边，看着我父亲自 杀。对于那些生意兴隆的烟草公司的巨头们来说， 能在我家取得这样一种胜利，肯定是够满意了。PSPSP总分（先笼统后明确） 分总（先明确后笼统）And yet this is only a
10、part, and probably a relatively minor part, of the more seriousand vastly greater problem of the maintenanceof the genetic health of the human species.保护人类基因健康是个更加需要认真对待的、不 知要重大多少的问题，但以上所述不过是问题的 一个方面，而且相对说来还是很次要的一个方面 。PracticeThe first men to study the nature of electricity could not imagine that th
11、eir experiments, carried on because of mere intellectual curiosity, would eventually lead to modern electrical technology, without which we can scarcely conceive of contemporary life. 那些最早研究电的性质的人们可能并没有 料到,他们那些只是出于求知的欲望而进行 的实验,最终竟产生了现代电业科技,而没有 这种科技我们当今的生活简直是不可想象 的。（-）He had flown in just the day bef
12、ore from Georgia where he had spent his vacation basking in the Caucasian sun after the completion of the construction job he had been engaged in in the south他本来在南方从事一项建筑工程；任 务完成之后，他就上乔治亚去度假， 享受高加索的阳光，昨天才坐飞机回 来。（-）（按照时间 的先后顺序安排）I feel that every book opens before me a window through which I see an unthinkably new world when the book tells me about never -heard of and never-seen characters, sentiment, ideas and attitudes. 我觉得，当书本给我讲到闻所未闻， 见所未见的人物、感情、思想和态度 时，似乎是每一本书都在我面前打开 了一扇窗户，让我看到了一个不可思 议的新世界。 （- ）Quiz in Class1.
