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1、 在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分 ，这种现象叫，这种现象叫省略省略。如：。如： Beg you pardon.Beg you pardon. Sounds like a good idea.Sounds like a good idea. （ I I ）Beg you pardon.Beg you pardon. ( It )( It ) Sounds like a good ideaSounds like a good idea定义一一 简单句中的省略简单句中的省略1 1、 省略主语省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略祈使句中主语通常省略 Do
2、esnt matter. ( ( It ) It ) doesnt matter. ( ( It ) It ) Sounds like a good idea.Sounds like a good idea.2 2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。如：如： （省略主语和谓语）（省略主语和谓语） What/How (do you think) about a cup of tea ? Why (do you) not say hello to him ?3 3、省略表语。、省略表语。 Are you thirsty? Are you thirsty? Yes, I am .Y
3、es, I am . His brother isnt lazy, nor is his sister .(thirsty).(thirsty).(lazy).(lazy).4 4、同时省略几个成分、同时省略几个成分 Let Let s meet at the same place as s meet at the same place as yesterday.yesterday.(we met)(we met)同时省略主、谓语同时省略主、谓语 Have you finished your work ?Have you finished your work ? Not yet.Not yet
4、.I have I have notnot finished my homework finished my homework yetyet. .I have I have notnot finished my homework finished my homework yetyet. .I have I have notnot finished my homework finished my homework yetyet. . My brother is a doctor and my sister-in-law My brother is a doctor and my sister-i
5、n-law (is) a lawyer.(is) a lawyer. （省略相同的谓语动词）（省略相同的谓语动词）1 1、两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与、两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与 前一分句中相同的部分前一分句中相同的部分。 When summer comes, the day is getting When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and sho
6、rter.shorter and shorter.(is getting)(is getting)(is(is) )省略相同的谓语动词省略相同的谓语动词二二 并列句中的省略并列句中的省略1 1、主句中有一些成分被省略，、主句中有一些成分被省略，如：如： Sorry to hear you are ill. Sorry to hear you are ill. Pity that he missed such a good Pity that he missed such a good chance.chance.( I( I m m ) ) ( It( It s a )s a )三三 复合句中
7、的省略复合句中的省略 Are you leaving for Beijing this Are you leaving for Beijing this Sunday? Sunday? I think so.I think so.sosoI I m leaving for Beijing this m leaving for Beijing this Sunday.Sunday. Tom must be free today. Tom must be free today. If so, he can help us.If so, he can help us.sosohe is free.h
8、e is free.主句中有一些成分被省略、而用主句中有一些成分被省略、而用soso或或notnot来代替来代替 It is going to rain, isnIt is going to rain, isn t it? t it? I hope not.I hope not.notnotit is not going to rain.it is not going to rain.这种用法常见的有：这种用法常见的有：How so? Why How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so.so? Is that so? I hope so.
9、 He said so.及 及I supposeI suppose /believe/believe /hope not. /hope not. Why not?Why not?等等。等等。 We all know (that) the earth runs around the We all know (that) the earth runs around the sun.sun.(that)(that)2.2.宾语从句中的省略宾语从句中的省略宾语从句中常省略连词宾语从句中常省略连词thatthat，但当有两个并，但当有两个并 列的宾语从句时，第二个列的宾语从句时，第二个thatthat则
10、不能省略。则不能省略。 Mary said (that) she is from American and Mary said (that) she is from American and thatthat she is 16 years old. she is 16 years old.(that)(that)3.3.定语从句中的省略定语从句中的省略 在定语从句中，在定语从句中，that, which, whothat, which, who在从句中在从句中 作宾语时可省略。作宾语时可省略。 I haven I haven t read the book (that/ which) you
11、t read the book (that/ which) you re re reading.reading.(that/ which)(that/ which) The man (that/ who) your father just talked The man (that/ who) your father just talked to is our English teacher, Mr. Smith.to is our English teacher, Mr. Smith.(that/ who)(that/ who)4.4.状语从句中的省略状语从句中的省略 在以在以when, wh
12、ile, oncewhen, while, once引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从 句及以句及以if, unlessif, unless引导的条件状语从句中引导的条件状语从句中 和和though, althoughthough, although引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句 中中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指 同一对象，且从句中含有同一对象，且从句中含有bebe动词时，从句动词时，从句 中可省去中可省去“主语主语+be+be”部分。部分。 When asked what he had done, John When asked what he h
13、ad done, John just kept silent.just kept silent. When he was asked what he had done, John When he was asked what he had done, John just kept silent.just kept silent.he he If If hehe is free, Jack will go with us. is free, Jack will go with us.he was he was If free, Jack will go with us.If free, Jack
14、 will go with us. he is he is Unless invited, he wonUnless invited, he won t come.t come. Unless he is invited, he wonUnless he is invited, he won t come.t come. he he While he is doing house work, my While he is doing house work, my father often listens to music. father often listens to music. he i
15、s he is While doing house work, my While doing house work, my father often listens to music.father often listens to music.he is he is he he动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同 部分，只保留部分，只保留toto，但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有，但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有 bebe，have, have beenhave, have been时，要保留这些词。时，要保留这些词。 Are you going there? Are you going there? Yes, IYes, I d l
