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1、四、六级写作应试技巧n段落的写作 Topic sentence supporting sentence Asupporting sentence a supporting sentence bsupporting sentence Bsupporting sentence a supporting sentence b Concluding sentenceComparison and contrastnTopic sentence nSupporting sentencesnSimilarities: nComparison 1nComparison 2nDifferences:nContr
2、ast 1nContrast 2nConcluding sentenceExample:nAlthough old people in the United States and in my country, Japan, are treated the same in some ways, in other ways they are treated differently.nIn both countries the elderly are shown respect.nGive seatnRide the bus with less money nNevertheless, in Jap
3、an the elderly have the highest respect.nIn Japan, Grandparents live with their familiesnIn the US, they live in the “senior citizen” places.nConcluding sentencenI think it is better for families to live together in companionship.Topic sentencenTopic sentence : topic + controlling idea topic: 段落谈论的人
4、物、事物或问题 controlling idea: 对话题进行说明，限 制段落的发展方向e.g. The house by the riverside in the village was haunted.Whats a good topic sentence?n主题句要明确，让人一看即知。n主题句要概括，同时要包含可扩展主题的词 、词组或从句。Neither too general nor too specific.nExamples: John is a good man. John gets up at six oclock in the morning. John is very bu
5、sy during the day.gse主题句的写法n设疑式 Should a man put loyalty to his country above loyalty to his friend?n要领式 Beauty usually refers to what appeals to the eyes, but it can also refer to what appeals to the mind.n对比式 In choosing an ideal husband, some suggest wealth, while some look for a man who is hands
6、ome.n定义式 Concrete words are those which are precise and accurate in their meanings.n引用式 As the saying goes,”Still waters run deep.”发展句n对主题句进行说明、阐述或引申n单一性：每个发展句都应围绕主题句展 开n连贯性：使用衔接手法，是句与句之间 层次分明，合乎逻辑。句间连词的运用nIn my opinionnIn my viewnTo my knowledgenI am of the opinion thatnAs I see itnIt seems to me t
7、hatnGenerally/Properly/Practically/Frankly speaking让步nalthough, nno matter how, nhowever, nin spite of, nanyhow, nanyway, nin any case, nat any rate,nregardless of强调ncertainlynTrulynAbove allnWithout doubtnUndoubtedlynAs a matter of factnIndeednIn fact总结nTo sum upnTo sum up in a wordnTo concludenAll
8、 in allnOn the wholenIn a wordnIn briefnIn conclusion对比nOn the contrarynIn contrastnButnThoughnWhilenOn the other handnHowevernwhereas因果nConsequentlynBecausenDue tonSincenThusntherefore常用句式 n指出一种倾向，引出事实或现状，提出一个 问题或看法。Topic sentencenWith the accelerated pace of modern life, more and more city-dweller
9、s are eager to take a vacation outside the city for a change.nIt is well known to us that the computer plays a very important role in the age of knowledge economy.nFrom the graph given above, it can be seen that peoples living standard has been greatly improved in the past decade.分析原因，进行比较，阐述不同观点或进
10、行反面论述。Supporting sentencenThere are three possible reasons for this.nCompared with the bike, the car runs much faster.nThe advantages of B outweigh any benefit we gain from A.nUnfortunately, however, tourism also gives rise to a number of problems.nHowever, other people argue that big cities are con
11、fronted with many problem.对全文阐述的内容进行概括和总结，说明 个人的看法，提出解决办法或建设性的建 议。Concluding sentencenFrom what has been mentioned /discussed above, we may draw/ reach/arrive at/come to the conclusion that examination is necessary. However, its method should be improved.nIn my opinion, the computer will never repla
12、ce man because it has no intelligence of its own.nIn short, it can be said that in modern society, we could not lie without electricity.nIn order to narrow the generation gap, both groups should respect each other, listen to the words of each other and discuss their problems patiently.四级考试主要测试形式n段首句
13、作文 段首句实际上就是主题句 e.g. Praise is very useful and important to a person._ The effect of praise is even greater on children. _ Try to praise others in your everyday life. _n提纲作文 提纲包含文章段落的中心思想，要准确理解 ，提炼出完整的段落主题句。不能随意自 由发挥。 e.g. How to Succeed in a Job Interview (01.1 CET6)n面试在求职过程中的作用n取得面试成功因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能 力
14、、专业知识、自信、实事求是n解题方法： 第一段：面试在求职过程中的重要性 第二段：列举一些有助于面试成功的一 些因素 第三段: 结论，只要做到以上几点，就 会在面试中取得成功n图表作文n要有针对性，不用所有数据一一列出n要注意哪些数据前后变化最大。n借助有关数据和提示，紧扣文章的主题， 对数据所反映的问题或现象进行说明、评 论，写出作者自己的看法和事物发展的趋 势。n分析要有说服力。n以期中考作文为例 （图表+提纲） 思路： 第一段：介绍图表的总体内容，解释图 表中反映的变化。指出某种规律或发展 趋势。 第二段：对其中趋势进行分析，分析产 生这种变化的原因。 第三段：提出解决的办法。相关词语n
15、reach come to rise to nincrease shoot up to amount tosoar rocket on the risendecrease drop reduce decline (v.) on the decline(n.) n growth rate nchart, table, graph, diagram, figure, statistics, statement, datanAccording to the table, we can see that nIt can be seen from the diagram thatnOn the basi
16、s of the statistics given, we can clearly see that nAs (is) shown in the picturesnAs can be see from the diagram nAfter analyzing the statistics, we can clearly see thatn书信作文格式：Address of the SenderDate Inside Address Salutation Body Complimentary Close Signature Official Position看图作文n正确理解图画所反映的事实、包含的思 想内容或象征意义，把图中所提供的信 息转化为文字形式。又要根据合乎逻辑 的想象和推理展开议论，写出图画所包 含的思想内容。n写好作文的关键是仔细观察、体微画面 内容，揭示画面内容的内在涵义，紧扣 主题展开描述
