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1、英语翻译四级证书培训 第一讲宁波大学科技学院人文学院英语系 裴爱民翻译八法重译法（repetition） 增译法（amplification） 省译法（omission） 词类转译法（conversion） 词序调整法（inversion） 反译法（negation） 分译法（division） 语态变换法（the change of voices)n1重译法（repetition）n定义：在翻译中，有时为了忠实于原文， 不得不重复某些词语，否则就不能忠实表 达原文的意思的翻译方法。n作用n一 消除任何可能出现的误解。nBoth contracting parties undertake jo
2、intly to adopt all necessary measures at their disposal for the purpose of preventing the resumption of aggression and violation of peace on the part of Japan or any other state which would collaborate with Japan directly or indirectly in act of aggression. In the event of one of the contracting par
3、ties being attacked by Japan or any other state allied with it and thus being involved in a state of war, the other contracting party will immediately render military and other assistance with all means in disposal.n缔约国双方保证尽力采取一切必要的措施 ，以期制止日本或其他直接或间接在侵略 行为上与日本相勾结的任何国家之重新侵 略与破坏和平。一旦缔约国的一方受到日 本或与日本同盟的
4、任何国家之侵袭，因而 处于战争状态时，缔约国的另一方即尽其 全力给予军事及其他援助。n二 为了明确而重复宾语。n1 We have to analyze and solve problems.n我们要分析问题，解决问题。n2 Let us revise our safety and sanitary regulations.n我们来修改安全规则和卫生规则吧。n3 Aristocratic and democratic tendencies in a nation often show themselves in its speech.n民族的贵族倾向和民主倾向常在其言语中 表现出来。n三 英语
5、省略， 而为了明确和强调，汉语译 出。n1 I have fulfilled my assigned work ahead of schedule, so has he.n我已提前完成了交给我的工作，他也提前 完成了交给他的工作。n2 Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as admiration.n无知是恐惧的根源，也是敬佩的根源。n3 The use of atomic weapons is a clear violation of international lawin particular of the Geneva Convention.n
6、使用原子武器显然违反国际法，特别违反 日内瓦公约。n4 At that time many people could not read or write.n当时，许多人不会读书，也不会写字。n5 But we still have defects, and very big ones.n但是我们还是有缺点的，而且还有很大的 缺点。n四 定语从句的先行词有时应该重复。nWe have advocated the principle of peaceful coexistence, which is now growing more and more popular among the natio
7、ns of Asia and Africa.n我们提倡和平共处的原则，这个原则目前 在亚非各国越来越得人心了。n五 以不同的方式重复，为了传达原文的生 动性。n汉译英n1这种人闹什么东西呢？闹名誉，闹地位， 闹出风头。nWhat are they after? They are after name, after position, and they want to cut smart figures.n2 大有大的难处。nA large family has its difficulties.n3 这几件旧衣服和些旧家什，当的当了，卖 的卖了。nOur old clothes and few
8、 sticks of furniture have been pawned or sold.n4一个蚊子哼哼哼，两个苍蝇嗡嗡嗡。nA mosquito hums and hums,nTwo flies drone and drone.n5 悲莫悲兮生别离，乐莫乐兮新相知。nNothing is sadder than to part for ever;nNothing is happier than to contract a new acquaintance.n英译汉n1 If you didnt succeed at first, try, try, try again.n起初不成功，可以
9、一试再试。n2 Nels had it all written out neatly.n纳尔斯把它写得清清楚楚。n3 Scrooge went to bed again, and thought and thought and thought it over and over.n斯克罗齐又上床去，左思右想，想个不休。n增译法（amplification）n定义：为了使译文忠实地表达原文的意思 与风格并使译文合乎表达习惯，必须增加 一些词语。n英译汉n1 I am looking forward to the holidays.n我在等待假日的到来。n2 Much of our morality
10、 is customary.n我们大部分的道德观念都有习惯性。n3 Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice.n勇猛过度，即成蛮勇；感情过度，即成溺爱；俭 约过度，即成贪婪。n4 Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.n读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人 准确。n5 We wont retreat, we never have and never will.n我们不后退，
11、我们从来没有后退过，我们 将来也决不后退。n汉译英n1 没有调查就没有发言权。nHe who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak.n2 虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。nModesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.n3 跑了和尚跑不了庙。nThe monk may run away, but the temple cant run away with him.n4 三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。nThree cobblers with
12、their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the master mind.n5 小不忍则乱大谋。nIf one is not patient in small things, one will never be able to control great ventures.n n6 送君千里，终有一别。nAlthough you may escort a guest a thousand miles, yet the parting must come at last.n7 班门弄斧。nShowing off ones proficiency with the
13、 axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter.n Part A Sentence TranslationnSection AnTranslate the following sentences from English to Chinesen1. My parents never interfered with my plans too much. They advised me, but never forced me into doing anything I didnt want to do.n我的父母从来不会过分干涉我的计划。他 们会给我一些建议，但是
14、从来不会强迫我 做不喜欢的事情。n2. Weddings in the United States vary greatly, there are weddings in the church，on mountain tops or even on the ocean floor with oxygen tanks for the guests. But no matter where and how, they all include certain traditional customs.n在美国有各种不同的婚礼形式，有的在教堂或是 山顶举行，甚至有的在海底举行，为各位客人提 供氧气罐。但
15、是无论在何地以何种方式举行婚礼 ，其中都会包含一些传统风俗。n3. According to government statistics, in 1990, there were twice as many men smokers as women smokers in the country. But now, women smokers have far outnumbered men smokers.n根据政府的数据显示，在1990年，男性烟民 的数量是女性烟民数量的两倍。但是现在 ，女性烟民的数量已经远远超过了男性烟 民数量。n4. Since it is a big order, I
16、ll accept your price of $ 8.50. However, it is a very special offer and it leaves us little profit.n既然这份订单很大，我接受你们8.5美元的 出价。但是必须要说，我们已经给了很大 的优惠，利润很小了。n5. Communication is much more than speaking and reading. True communication takes place when an understanding has been transferred from one party to another. Therefore, communication can be defined as the transfer of information.n交流远不止于说和读。真正的交流是将语言含义 从一方转换到另一方。因此，我们可以把交流定 义为信息的转换。n6. Household income declined across all groups, but at s
