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1、The translation of cultural words 文化词语的翻译huangxiaojunOutline Part 1. The Definition of Cultural Words? Part 2. Translation Techniques in Translation of Cultural words?Cultured word or culturally loaded words/phrases Cultural words: the things or ideas exist in a specific culture only, except the giv
2、en culture, there are no any cultures in which the things or ideas belong to.examples “三伏” 饺子 包子 汤圆 中山装 大锅饭 道教 阴 阳 阿弥陀佛 磕头 作揖 风水“东风”在中西文化的内涵 李商隐 无题诗云: 相见时难别亦难，东风无力百花残。 东风在中国人的概念中是和煦温暖的，代 表着春天和美好的事物。 东风在英国人的眼中是凛冽的刺骨寒风， 而西风却和暖。dog 狗在汉文化中是一种卑微的动物，与狗有 关的词语大多含有贬义。如“狗胆包天”、“ 狗仗人势”、“狗腿子”。 英语国家喜爱动物，狗是他们最喜爱的宠
3、 物之一。 “be top dog” 居于高位 “a lucky dog” 幸运儿容易误译的广告词 “白象” 牌电池 “White Elephant” brand battery “芳草” 牌牙膏 “Fang Cao” brand tooth paste “金鸡” 牌鞋油 “Gold Cock” brand shoe blacking “银耳” 汤 “white fungus” soup “金三角”经济开发区 a special economic development zone: a “Golden Triangle” “Baixiang” or “Silver Elephant” (Whi
4、te elephant” means a costly or troublesome possession useless to its owner.) “Fragrant Grass” (The transliteration “ fang” is a homonym of the English word “fang”, meaning snakes poison- tooth, or the long, sharp tooth of dogs and wolves) “Golden Rooster” (The English “cock” has acquired a jesting,
5、pejorative sense through association with the male sexual organ.) “silver mushroom soup”( The word fungus also refers to other species which are inedible and perhaps distasteful.) “Golden Delta” (The phrase “Golden Triangle” is customarily used to refer to an area in Southeast Asia, a name with a st
6、igma(耻辱） of drug producing and smuggling.)Part 2. Translation Techniques a. transliteration 孔子Confucius 功夫kongfu 麻将mahjong 荔枝litchi 叩头kowtow馄饨 wonton秧歌 yangko;扭秧歌 do the yangko炕 kang亩 mu斤 jin两 liang阴 yin阳yang武术 wushu, 或 martial art 大观园 Grand View Garden 龙舟 dragon boat 诊脉 feel the patients pulseb. li
7、teral translation 四书Four books 五经Five classics 纸老虎 paper tiger 火上浇油 to pour oil on the flames 趁热打铁 to strike while the iron is hot 打草惊蛇to beat about the bush 亡羊补牢to lock the stable door after the horse has been stolen 同舟共济 to be in the same boatc. Literal translation with explaining 班门弄斧 to show off
8、 ones proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter- display ones slight skill before an expert. 滥竽充数 to pass oneself off as one of the players in an ensemble-be there just to make up the number (used as incompetent or inferior goods.) 三伏 the three periods of the hot season; 三伏天 dog da
9、ys; 中伏 the second of the three ten-day period of the hot season 惊蛰 the Waking of Insects 天干 the heavenly stems 地支 the earthly branches) 试比较: 心较比干多一窍，病如西子胜三分。( 红楼梦） 译文：She looked more sensitive than Pikan, more delicate than Hsi Shih.( Tr.Yang Xianyi) 译文：She had more chambers in her heart than the ma
10、rtyred Bi Gan; and suffered a tithe more pain in it than the beautiful Xi Shi. ( Tr. David Hawkes)d. borrowing借用法 笨猪 silly ass 饭碗 a bread and butter job 夹生饭 half-baked 鱼米之乡 land flowing milk and honey 趁热打铁 strike while the iron is hot 晴天霹雳 a bolt from the blue 了如指掌 to know something like bake of one
11、s hand 皇天不负苦心人 heaven helps those who help themselves 挂羊头卖狗肉 cry up wine and sell vinegar 因祸得福 a blessing in disguise 乱七八糟 at sixes and sevens 隔墙有耳 Walls have ears 失败是成功之母 Failure is the mother of success 眼不见，心不烦 Out of sight, out of mind 谋事在人，成事在天 Man proposes, god disposes. 趁热打铁 Strike while the i
12、ron is hot. 无风不起浪 There is no smoke without fire. 有志者事竟成 Where there is a will, there is a way. 新官上任三把火。 New brooms sweep clean. 己所不欲，勿施于人. Do not do to others as you would not be done by. 入乡随俗 Do in Rome as the Romans do. 平时不烧香，临时抱佛脚。 Worship God every day; not just in times of adversity. 英雄所见略同。 G
13、reat minds think alike. 为人不做亏心事，夜半敲门人不惊。 A quiet conscience sleeps in thunder. 天无绝人之路。 God never closes one door but he opens another. 久别胜新婚。 Absence makes the heart grow fonder. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。 Touch pitch and you will be defiled. 祸不单行。 Misfortune never comes singly. 天下无不散之筵席。 All good things must come
14、to an end. 一次被火烧，二次避火苗。 A burnt child dreads the fire. 鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。 Two dogs for a bone, and the third runs away with it. 来得容易，去得快。 Easy come, easy go. 人要衣装，佛要金装。 Fine feathers make fine birds.e. free translation意译法 望子成龙 to hope ones son become a dragon () to hope ones son will become somebody 杞人忧天 un
15、necessary anxiety 大刀阔斧 to make snap decision 桃花运 lucky with beautiful girls 穿小鞋 to make things hard for somebody 缘木求鱼 To seek a hare in a hens nest 大海捞针 To look for a needle in a hay stack 一箭之遥 At a stones throw 守口如瓶 dumb as an oyster 面如土色 as white as a sheet 胆小如鼠 as timid as a hare 一模一样 as like as two peas 蠢得像猪 As stupid as a goose 瓮中之鳖 Like a rat in a hole 犟得像牛 As stubborn as a mule 睡得死沉 Sleep like
