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1、Intercultural Communication 跨文化交际I. What is intercultural communication (IC)? Communication: 交际、交流、传通、传播、沟通、通讯 、传达、传报、联络 A: face-to-face interaction B: nonverbal communicationIntercultural Communication (IC): A: IC is interaction between members of differing cultures (Sitaram & Cogdell, 1976). B: IC
2、 is the art of understanding and being understood by the audience of another culture (Sitatam, 1970). C: IC is communication between people whose cultural perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event (Larry A. Samovar, Richard E. Porter & Lisa A. Stefani, 1998)
3、.Culture: As early as 1952, Kroeber (克罗伯) and Kluckhohn (克拉克洪) listed 164 definitions of culture that they found in the anthropology literature. Estimated by 戚雨村，there are at least 250 definitions of culture. Culture is the total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and
4、communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people.Concepts Related to IC A: Cross-cultural communication: This term implies a comparison of some phenomenon across cultures. (For example if we examine the use of self- disclosure
5、 in Japan and Germany, we are making a cross-cultural comparison. If we look at how Japanese use self-disclosure when communicating with Germans and how Germans use self- disclosure when communicating with Japanese, we are looking at intercultural communication. ) B: Intracultural communication: com
6、munication between people from the same culture. C: International communication: This term is distinctly different from IC in that it is interaction between political structures or nations, often carried on by representatives of those nations (Sitaram, 1970). D: Interpersonal Communication: Communic
7、ation between people E: Interracial Communication: It occurs when the source and the receiver exchanging messages are from different races. F: Interethnic Communication: Ethnic groups usually form their own communities in a country or culture.II. The history of the study of IC A: The publication of
8、Edward Halls 霍尔The Silent Language 无声的语言in 1959 symbolizes the beginning of the study of IC. B: Three classic works of the field of IC: Edward Halls (1959) The Silent Language Robert Olivers (1962) Culture and Communication A. Smiths (1966) Communication and CultureC: Two international organizations
9、 relating to IC The Society for Intercultural Education, Training and Research The International Association for Intercultural Communication StudiesIII. Plan for the course The first 3 lectures are concerned with attitudes. These lectures include opinion surveys and other activities to give the stud
10、ents a chance to explore and perhaps change attitudes so they are better prepared to communicate with people across cultures. The next 3 lectures (the 4th ,5th and 6th lectures)are about what usually happens when Chinese and westerners first meet. It covers guest/host relationships, the fears and un
11、certainties that accompany the first contact, and some differences in the meaning of friendship. The 7th, 8th and 9th lectures are about non-verbal aspects of communication.Objectives: Understand the relation between language and culture. Establish an awareness of and a right attitude toward cultura
12、l differences. Gain more knowledge about the cultures of English speaking countries. Compare and analyze the differences between Chinese and Western cultures Learn cross-cultural communication skills and strategies.Increase your cultural awareness Increase your sensitivity to People Situations Simil
13、arities and differences Expand the concept of culture beyond the idea of national culture Work on problems of generalization and prejudice Build on what you already know about how to communicateDevelop ICC - Intercultural communication competence Knowledge of social groups in your own country and ot
14、her countries Attitude of openness about other cultures and people Ability to gain new knowledge and to act on that knowledge Knowledge of processes and ability to use that knowledge How to communicate not just how to speak the target language Meeting, greeting, starting a conversation Expressing ag
15、reement and disagreement Asking for information Working with others Class Activities: Discussion, group discussion,debate Oral presentation, group presentation Role play Video watching, written or oral report Reading Research (personal or team work) Evaluation: Attendance and class performance (30%) Mid-term test (30%) Final test (40%)Requirements: Be active:active listeningactive readingactive thinkingactive talkingactive practicingTextbook 许力生，2004， 跨文化交际英语教程 。上海：上海外语教育出版社。Reference Books 1. Davis, Linell . 2001. Doing CultureCross- Cultural Com
