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1、二、冠词熟读读深思熟读下列各句，思考句中冠词的用法。1.I gave him a book yesterday.我昨天给了他一本书。（一本）2.I went to the library twice a week.我每周去图书馆两次。（每一）3.Tom and Kate are of an age.汤姆和凯特是同一年龄。（同一）4.A boy came to see you just now.刚才有一个男孩来找你。（有一个）5.It happened on a Sunday morning.这件事发生在一个星期天的早上。（某一）6.He works as a doctor in that ho
2、spital.他在那家医院做医生。（职业身份前）7.These cakes are delicious.Hed like to have a third one because the second one is rather too small.这些蛋糕很好吃，他还想再吃一块，因为第二块太小了点。（又一，再一）8.Take the medicine.把药吃了。（双方都知道的）9.He bought a computer.The computer is very nice.他买了一台电脑；那台电脑非常好。（上文提到的）10.The earth goes around the sun.地球围绕太
3、阳旋转。（独一无二的）11.The rich should help the poor.富人应当帮助穷人。（一类人）12.I live on the second floor.我住在第二层。（序数词前）13.He is the tallest boy in the class.他是这个班个子最高的男孩子。（最高级前）14.She plays the piano very well.她钢琴弹得很好。（用在西洋乐器前）15.She caught me by the arm.她抓住了我的手臂。（特指）16.We visited the Childrens Palace last Sunday.上星期
4、天我们参观了少年宫。（普通名词构成的专有名词前）17.The Greens have been to China twice.格林一家人（或格林夫妇）来过中国两次。（姓氏前表全家或夫妇俩）18.Beijing lies in the north of China.北京位于中国的北部。（有介词的方位名词前）19.We are paid by the month.我们是按月领工资的。（计量单位前）20.He was born in the 1980s.他出生在二十世纪80年代。（年代前）归纳总结归纳总结冠词可分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a/an)两类。1.定冠词的用法（1）定冠词用来特指某个或
5、某些人或物。人或物应是上文中已提及；交谈双方就在该人或物前；某个空间或时间范围内独一无二的人或物；人或物前带有分类性定语。（2）“定冠词+单数可数名词”根据句意可以表示一类人或物，指这个名词所代表的整个类别。 （3）这些是特别要求使用定冠词的情况，它们是：在姓氏复数前，表一家人或一对夫妇；在由普通名词组成的机构、组织等专有名词前；在江河、海洋、群岛等前；在演奏的乐器前；在某些特别句型中；在某些固定词组中。2.不定冠词的用法（1）表示同类中的某一个，但具体指哪一个，听者不能根据语境确定。（2）“不定冠词+单数可数名词”可表示某一类人或物，指的是整个这一类，而不是指具体的某一个。与“定冠词+单数可
6、数名词”相比，侧重该类别中的任何一个个体，说明它们都具有某一特点或性质。（3）当不可数名词指具体的人或事时，已转化为可数名词，单数前面有时应加不定冠词，表“一”的概念。 （4）不定冠词可表“一”，相当于“one”;可表“每”，相当于per或every；可表“同一”，相当于the same；可表某一个，相当于a certain。（5）不定冠词可用在某些固定词组中。3.零冠词的用法（即不用冠词）（1）在泛指的或表示一般意义的不可数名词及复数可数名词前，不用冠词。（2）人名和地名都属于专有名词，不需要区别 于其他同一性质的名词，通常又没有数的概念，一般前面不用冠词。但下列情况除外：a Mr.Brow
7、n （一位布朗先生），a living Lei Feng （一位活雷锋）（3）在季节、年份、月份、含day或由单个名词表示的节假日之前，不用冠词。但如转为具体 名词，则应加冠词。 （4）在学科、球类、棋类和一日三餐的名词前不用冠词。（5）表示独一无二的职位、头衔、称呼的名词前，不用冠词。但如职位不是唯一的或用职位代表人时，应用冠词。Now he is a manager of our company.（意为经理不止一个）Here comes the President of the United States.（职位代表人）（6）在固定词组中，不用冠词。试题试题 精选选1.What I nee
8、d is book that contains ABC of oil painting.A.a;/B.the;/C.the;anD.a;the解析 the ABC of.的基础知识。D2.This area experienced heaviest rainfall in _ month of May.A./;aB.a;theC.the;theD.the;a解析 第一空最大的降水量,为形容词的最高级用the;第二空五月这个月表特指用the,选C项。C3.Some people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in weather
9、around the world.A./;theB.the;/C.an;theD.the;a解析 air pollution是抽象名词这里是泛指,weather这里是特指全球的气候,即the weather around the world。A4.We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the解析 sky和world原本是独一无二的,但这里前面都有了形容词修饰,表示会出现一个什么样的sky和world,这里就属于泛指了。A5.The biggest w
10、hale is blue whale,which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of 9-story building.A.the;theB.a;aC.a;theD.the;a解析 第一空用the+n.表示类别,是指blue whale 这一类动物;第二空用a表示泛指。D6.In order to find better job,he decided to study second foreign language.A.the;aB.a;aC.the;theD.a;the解析 句意为:为了找到一个更好的工作,他决定再学习另外一门外语。第一
11、空表示泛指;第二空用a+序数词+名词表示“又一,再一”。B7.I knew John Lennon,but not famous one.A./;aB.a;theC./;theD.the;a解析 句意为：我认识一位约翰列侬,但不是非常出名的那个。a John Lennon表众多同名同姓人中的其中一位,而the famous John Lennon则是指著名的那个。如He is a Lei Feng in modern times,but not the famous one in the 1950s or 1960s.他是当代的雷锋,而不是二十世纪五、六十年代非常出名的那个。所以选B项。B8.
12、If you buy more than ten,they will knock 20 percent off .A.a priceB.priceC.the priceD.prices解析 knock sth.off减除,此题特指价钱减除20,应用定冠词the,所以正确答案为C项。C9.When you come here for your holiday next time,dont go to hotel;I can find you bed in my flat.A.the;aB.the;/C.a;theD.a;/解析 go to the hotel是指去旅店住宿,find you a
13、bed是指为你安置一张床,引申为有你住的地方。正确答案为A。A10.This book tells life story of John Smith,who left school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16.A.the;theB.a;theC.the;/D.a;/解析 前一空表特指,故用定冠词；leave school意思是“离校,毕业”,所以第二空不用冠词。C11.In science fiction we read of flying saucers travel through space,so people want to
14、have better knowledge of the universe.A.the;aB./;/C.the;/D./;a解析 space作“太空，空间”讲时,是不可数名词,前不需冠词。have a knowledge of 意为“对理解/熟悉”。如He has a good knowledge of politics.他对政治非常熟悉。故D是正确答案。D12.Is Mr.Smith rich？Yes,very rich.When he worked in town,he earned a lot.Now he has a big farm in country.A.a;theB./;/C.
15、/;theD.the;/解析 in town在城里,in the country在农村，均为固定搭配。C13.People think that opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games is great success.A.an;aB.the;aC.the;theD.the;/ 解析 第一空是特指,所以用the,第二空success是指成功的事。所以此处success是可数名词,应用不定冠词a。B14.In late 19th century,Europe changed great deal and was playing important r
16、oles in international trade.A.the;a;theB.the;the;/C./;a;the D.the;a;/解析 在序数词前用定冠词the;a great deal为固定短语,意思为 “大量地”;international trade表示泛指概念,不用冠词。D15.Washing machines made by China have won worldwide attention and Haier has become popular name.A.a;theB./;aC./;theD.the;a解析 第一空为不可数名词,并且表示泛指所以不用冠词;第二空是指海尔变成了一个很受欢迎的名字表示泛指用a。
