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1、湖南生物机电职业技术学院旅游实务英语电子课件旅游专业英语 军事防御湖南生物机电职业技术学院 向晓 制作Military Defenses Proverb1.Situational Dialogue:A Trip to the Great Wall 2. A Guide Speech: Terra-cotta Army Museum 3. Supplementary Reading: A Brief Introduction on Eight Wonders in the World 4. Cultural Treasure and Historical Memorial 5. Consolid
2、ation .一夫当官，万夫莫开If one man guards the pass,ten thousand are unable to get through山海关天下第一关湖南生物机电职业技术学院 向晓 制作Military Defenses1.Why was it generally true that defenders had an advantage over attackers historically? Because Battles commonly focused on sieges of important cities, allowing defenders to s
3、trengthen their position. They had the ability to make preparations for the battle to protect themselves from the enemy while making the enemy vulnerable. 2.Why may the attacker often have the advantage in encounters larger than the small scale? Because they can choose the time and place of battle.
4、An attacker may concentrate their entire force on a small part of the defended area, while the defender is forced to spread their forces over the possible area of attack. 保存最完整的西安明城墙湖南生物机电职业技术学院 向晓 制作The Great WallThe Great Wall of China is called the “Ten-thousand-Ii Great Wall“ in Chinese.In fact,
5、 its more than 6000 kilometres long. It winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys till at last it reaches the sea. It is one of the wonders of the world.Great Wall has a history of over twenty centuries.The first part of it was built during the Spring and Autum
6、n Period. During the Warring States Period, more walls were put up to defend the borders of the different kingdoms. It was during the Qin Dynasty that the kingdom of Qin united the different parts into one empire. To keep the enemy out of his empire, Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up
7、.Thus, the Great Wall came into being. The Great Wall is wide enough at the top for five horses or ten men to walk side by side. Along the wall are watchtowers, where soldiers used to keep watch. Fires were lit on the the towers as a warning when the enemy came.It was very difficult to build such a
8、wall in the ancient days without any modern machines. All the work was done by hand. Thousands of men died and were buried under the wall they built. The Great Wall was made not only of stone and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.Today the Great Wall has become a place of interest
9、 not only to the Chinese but to people from all over the world.Many of them have come to know thefamous Chinese saying: “He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.“湖南生物机电职业技术学院 向晓 制作Badaling Section 八达岭部分Badaling is the best-preserved section of the Great Wall. It is the essence(精华), an
10、d the top of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty. The section is north of Juyong Pass（居庸关北）, 80 km from Beijing. The name means leading to all directions in Chinese, because of its important location as a gateway. 湖南生物机电职业技术学院 向晓 制作Mutianyu Section 慕田峪部分Mutianyu serves as the northern barrier（屏障） defendi
11、ng the capital and the imperial tombs（帝陵）. This section was built on mountain ridges （山峦岭脊）20 km northwest of Huairou County（怀柔县）, Beijing. It took advantage of Mt. Jundu, the natural barrier as a vital safeguard for the north of the capital city. Together with Juyong Pass （居 庸关）and City of Guarding
12、 Frontiers （镇边城）, they formed an integrated defense system（完整的 防卫体系）. 湖南生物机电职业技术学院 向晓 制作Gubeikou Section 古北口部分The Gubeikou Great Wall has long been an important pass of great military significance on the route to the capital city of Beijing. It was built along a mountain range, rising and falling al
13、ong its way. This section is located in Gubeikou Township, Miyun County（密云县古北口镇）, Beijing. It is very dangerous in geological sense, which controls the important passage from Beijing to frontier plateaus. Its wall links up Mt. Dragon and Mt. Tiger （盘龙、卧虎两山）into a powerful defense. 湖南生物机电职业技术学院 向晓 制作
14、Eight Wonders in the World NotesThe Pyramids of Egypt Gina Pharaoh khufu Zeus the Statue of Zeus at Olympia The Pharos (Lighthouse) of Alexandria Hanging Gardens of Babylon Nebuchadnezzar the Temple of Artemis (Diana) at Ephesus the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus 埃及金字塔 吉萨 法老胡夫的金字塔 宙斯 希腊奥林匹亚的宙斯神像 亚历山大港的灯
15、塔 古代巴比伦的空中花园 尼布甲尼撒二世，巴比伦国王 605-526B.C. 以弗所城的阿耳特弥斯或狄安 娜神殿 土耳其哈利卡纳苏的摩索拉斯 陵墓湖南生物机电职业技术学院 向晓 制作1. Why did people build the Great Wall in China? The Great Wall was built to prevent invasions of nomadic people from the north. 2. What is the purpose which the Terra-cotta Army was built? The Terra-cotta Arm
16、y was built as a way of creating an illusion of strength and manpower. It was believed that as enemies approached, they would be overwhelmed with the powerful army supporting Emperor Qin and turn away. 3. Why were the pyramids built? The pyramids were built which served as royal tombs. 4. What do you think of the structure on Statue of Zeus at Olympia? It was a towering structure of ivor
