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1、Packet Tracer 5.0 实验 (十)路由器 OSPF 动态路由配置一、实验目标 掌握 OSPF 协议的配置方法； 掌握查看通过动态路由协议 OSPF 学习产生的路由； 熟悉广域网线缆的连接方式；二、实验背景假设某公司通过一台三层交换机连到公司出口路由器上，路由器再和公司外的另一台路由器连接。现要做适当配置，实现公司内部主机与公司外部主机之间的相互通信。为了简化网管的管理维护工作，公司决定采用 OSPF 协议实现互通。三、技术原理OSPF 开放式最短路径优先协议，是目前网络中应用最广泛的路由协议之一。属于内部网关路由协议，能够适应各种规模的网络环境，是典型的链路状态协议。OSPF 路
2、由协议通过向全网扩散设备的链路状态信息，使网络中每台设备最终同步一个具有全网链路状态的数据库，然后路由器采用 SPF 算法，以自己为根，计算到达其他网络的最短路径，最终形成全网路由信息。四、实验步骤实验拓扑1、在三层交换机上划分 VLAN10 和 VLAN20，其中 VLAN10 用于连接校园网主机，VLAN20 用于连接 R1；2、路由器之间通过 V.35 电缆通过串口连接， DCE 端连接在 R1 上，配置其时间频率为 64000；3、主机和交换机通过直连线连接，主机与路由器通过交叉线连接；4、在 S3560 上配置 OSPF 路由协议；5、在路由器 R1、R2 上配置 OSPF 路由协议
3、；6、将 PC1、PC2 主机默认网关分别设置为与直连网络设备接口 IP 地址；7、验证 PC1、PC2 主机之间可以互相通信；S3560:SwitchenSwitch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#hostname S3560S3560(config)#vlan 10S3560(config-vlan)#exitS3560(config)#vlan 20S3560(config-vlan)#exitS3560(config)#interface fa0/10S3
4、560(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10S3560(config-if)#exitS3560(config)#interface fa0/20S3560(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20S3560(config-if)#exitS3560(config)#interface vlan 10S3560(config-if)#%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan10, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interf
5、ace Vlan10, changed state to upS3560(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0S3560(config-if)#exitS3560(config)#interface vlan 20%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan20, changed state to upS3560(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0S3560(config-if)#exitS3560(config)#router ospf ?Process I
6、DS3560(config)#router ospf 1S3560(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 ?A.B.C.D OSPF wild card bitsS3560(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 ?area Set the OSPF area IDS3560(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area ?OSPF area ID as a decimal valueA.B.C.D OSPF area ID in IP address for
7、matS3560(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0S3560(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0S3560(config-router)#endS3560#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleS3560#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP,
8、 EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o -
9、 ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan10C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan20S3560#00:10:01: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.4.1 on Vlan20 from LOADING to FULL, Loading DoneS3560#show ip route Codes: C - c
10、onnected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia -
11、 IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan10O 192.168.2.0/24 110/783 via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:00, Vlan20C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan20O 192.
12、168.4.0/24 110/782 via 192.168.3.2, 00:01:40, Vlan20S3560#R1:RouterenRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname R1R1(config)#interface fa0/0R1(config-if)#no shutdown R1(config-if)#%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LI
13、NEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upR1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#interface serial 2/0R1(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to downR1(config-if)#clock rate 64000R1(co
14、nfig-if)#ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#router ospf 1R1(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0R1(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0R1(config-router)#00:09:57: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.3.1 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to
15、 FULL, Loading DoneR1(config-router)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external ty
16、pe 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setO 192.168.1.0/24 110/2 via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R1#%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, cha
