《幼儿心理学概述》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《幼儿心理学概述（33页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、第一章：幼儿心理学概述授课教师： 专 业：学前教育Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.第一节 幼儿心理学的研究对象请举具体的例子说明Evaluation only.Evalua
2、tion only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.心理学的来源心理学：psychology亚里士多德的灵魂论是最古老的一本心理学著作 。心理学一词来源于希腊，词根为psyche，意思是“灵魂”或“心理”。从字面上来讲就是对心理和灵魂的
3、研究。二十世纪中期以后，逐渐转变为对行为的研究。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.心理学对行为的研究，关心的不仅仅是做了什么，更加关心的是为什么会这样做？其中的心理过程是怎样
4、的，其心理特点是什么？Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides
5、 for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .N
6、ET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.学了心理学就能够当心理咨询师吗？幼儿心理学研究的是正常儿童的心理发展特点的科学教材，不是高深莫测的秘籍、宝典。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client P
7、rofile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.n 很多电影题材会运用到心理学，但是大多都运用 了夸张的手法。n eg：催眠大师n eg：盗梦空间Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyr
8、ight 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一、心理现象与心理的实质（一）心理现象人的心理现象包括三个部分：动机、心理过程、个性 。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty
9、Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.1.动机eg：P4试验1：用右手的食指拉砝码。表：不同动机下所完成工作的平均指标PS：幼儿活动的动机大多是出于对某些事物的兴趣。无特定动机为了表现自己的最高能力水平为了完成重大社会性任务100150200Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.
10、 Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.2.心理过程心理过程包括认知过程、情感过程和意志过程。u 认知过程认知过程包括感知觉、记忆、思维、想象等。与此同时，伴随着“注意”。注意不是一种独特的心理过程过，而是 心理过程的一种特征。u 情感过程对事物的态度体验。eg:喜、怒、哀、乐、悲、恐、惊等。u 意志过程能够自觉地控制和调节自己的行为，通过努力而达到预定的目的。三个过程循序渐进。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slide
11、s for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.3.个性个性：人与人彼此心理活动方面的差异，是一个人所具有的各种重要的和持久的心理特点的总和。所谓“人心不同，各如其面。”每个人由于个体遗传特性、生活环境、所受教育的不同，心理活动也表现出差异。心理的个别差异是稳定的，而且是经常出现的，所谓“江山易改，秉性
12、难移”。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.个性心理特征包括能力、气质和性格三个方面。差异分析： 有的同学舞蹈跳得好，而有的同学舞蹈不好，但是理论好能力有的同学活泼好动，而有的
13、同学喜欢安静。气质有的同学懒惰消沉，而有的同学勤奋上进。性格Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.（二）心理的实质1.心理是人脑的机能。想一想：心理活动是由于大脑活动而产生还是心
14、脏活动而产生？延伸：保护幼儿大脑，为幼儿大脑提供充足的营养的重要性!使幼儿具备心理正常的物质基础。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.2.心理是对客观现实的反映客观现实是心理的
15、内容与源泉。客观现实就是我们心理以外的一切。3.人的心理活动具有主观能动性在人脑中的心理反映，和镜子里的反映不同。对同一个事物，不同人有不同的心理反映。eg:“一千个人心中有一千个哈姆莱特。”Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright
16、 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.二、幼儿心理学的研究对象幼儿心理学：是研究幼儿期（36、7岁）儿童心理发展特点和规律的科学。So 研究对象：36、7岁儿童心理发展特点和规律。区别：“儿童心理学”是研究017、18岁儿童心理学发展的规律和儿童各年龄段的心理特征的科学。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.第二节 学习幼儿心理学的现实意义小小辩论：小小辩论：作为未来的幼教工作者，我们有必要学习幼儿心理学吗？为神马？Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Asp
