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1、现在分词作状语现在分词作状语：时间，条件，伴随方式，原因，结果 1.时间状语：Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers.(分词一般式）Having read the letter, she got very excited.（完成式 ）注注：现在分词作时间,原因状语：如果分词所表示的动 作和谓语的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生，用现在分词 的一般式。如果分词动作明显在谓语之前发生，用现分 完成式。Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.Having arrived at the
2、factory, they immediately set to work.注注：在作时间状语的分词前，可加连词：在作时间状语的分词前，可加连词while,whenwhile,when， 介词介词after, before,on.after, before,on. Be careful whenwhen crossing the street.Dont mention this whilewhile talking to him. On arriving in London, he managed to get in touch with her. =As soon as he arrived
3、 in London, .2.现在分词作条件状语：Working hard, you will succeed.Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the site.3.现在分词作伴随方式状语： She came running towards me. The children ran out of the room, laughing laughing and and talking merrilytalking merrily. They stood there for an hour ,watching watch
4、ing the the gamegame.She sat at the desk reading a newspaperreading a newspaper.Traveling by jeepTraveling by jeep, we visited a number of cities.Following the guideFollowing the guide, they started to climb.4.现在分词作原因状语：Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note. Not knowing her address
5、, we couldnt get in touch with her. Being so poor in those days, we couldnt afford to send the boy to hospital. 注：注： Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well.（分词完成式的肯 定式）Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter.（分完否）5.现在分词作结果状语： （多用于句尾）Her husb
6、and died in 1942, leaving her with five children. The bus was held up by snowstorm, thus causing the delay. He was caught in the rain, thus making himself catch cold.I hurried to school, only to find that it was Sunday.Note: 现在分词表示必然结果，前可加thus,不定 式表意外的结果，前可加only.Note: 在用分词短语作状语时在用分词短语作状语时, , 它逻辑上的主语
7、一般必它逻辑上的主语一般必 须与句子的主语一致须与句子的主语一致, , 如不一致则要加上它自己逻辑上如不一致则要加上它自己逻辑上 的主语的主语, , 这种结构称为这种结构称为: :独独 立主格立主格 结结 构构 I.名词普通格（代词主格）+现在分词1.The Night coming on ,they started for home.2.The last bus having gone, he had to walk home.3.Time permitting, we are going to climb the mountain tomorrow.4.They are talking w
8、ith the teacher, their children playing outside.5.It raining, I went to work with an umbrella.II.名词普通格（代词主格）+过去分词1.His tea finished, he went on with his work.（时间 ）2.His homework done, he went to watch the game.3.His leg badly hurt, he had to be sent to hospital. （原因）4.The report read, discussion beg
9、an.III.名词普通格（代词主格）+(being) +adj.(adv./ prep-phrase /n . /to do)1.Everything (being) ready, they started out.2.The meeting(being) over,we all left the hall.3.WuSong beat the tiger to death, two fists (being) his only weapon4.Gun in hand, the soldiers ran up the hill.5.Here are the first two volumes,
10、the third one to come out next month.巩固练习1.The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president.A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing2.The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.a
11、dding D.added3.European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world.A. making B.makes C.made D.to make4._ up at his father, he asked what was the matter with him.A.Having looked B. Looking C.To look D.Look5._ from his clothes, he is not so poor.A.Judged B. Judging C. To judge D.Having judged6._ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A. Having suffered B.SufferingC.To suffer D.Suffered
