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1、1现在完成时现在完成时一、现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果或表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在。二、句子结构主语+ has/have + done (过去分词)三、基本用法用法用法示例示例表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。He has already obtained a scholarship.他已经获得了一份奖学金。I havent seen much of him recently.我最近已经很久没有看到他。表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在也许还要持续下去，常和 for, since 连用。Peter has written six pape
2、rs for three years.三年内彼得已经写了六篇论文。现在完成时现在完成时知识精讲2He has lived here since 2005.自从 2005 年以来，他一直住在这儿。四、时间状语1. yet (常用于否定或疑问句中), already (常用于肯定句中)2. since+过去时间点/过去时的从句（译为：自从以来）3. for+时间段4. just, so far, recently, never, ever, twice5. in the past / last few days五、动词过去分词的规则变化情况情况变形变形示例示例一般情况加-edwork-worked
3、visit-visited以不发音字母 e 结尾加-dlive-lived辅音字母加 y 结尾把 y 变 i，加-edstudy-studiedcry-cried重读闭音节结尾双写尾字母，再加-edstop-stoppeddrop-dropped六、动词过去分词的不规则变化：原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词AAAAAA 型型burstburstburst3hurtcuthitreadhurtcuthitreadhurtcuthitreadAABAAB 型型beatbeatbeatenABAABA 型型runcomerancameruncomeABBABB 型型bringbuycatchfe
4、elfindkeepmaketeachtellthinkbroughtboughtcaughtfeltfoundkeptmadetaughttoldthoughtbroughtboughtcaughtfeltfoundkeptmadetaughttoldthoughtABCABC 型型beginbreakchoosedriveforgetgiveknowbeganbrokechosedroveforgotgaveknewbegunbrokenchosendrivenforgottengivenknown4swimwriteswamwroteswumwritten七、相关句式hashashave
5、have主语第三人称单数第一/二人称单数/复数肯定式He has turned the light off. They have already read this book.否定式He hasnt turned the light off. They havent read this book yet.疑问式Has he turned the light off? Have they read this book yet?简略回答Yes, she has. / No, she hasnt.Yes, they have. / No, they havent.肯定句：主语+has/have +
6、done+其它.否定句：主语+has/have +not+ done+其它.一般疑问句：Has/ Have+主语+done+其它? 答语：Yes,主语+has/have. / No,主语+hasnt/havent八、瞬间动词和延续性动词之间的转换：在完成时中，一个瞬间动词不能直接与表示一段时间的状语(for, since 等)连用。此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词：buy (bought)have / has had 买 borrow (borrowed)have / has kept 借 die (died)have / has been dead 死 leave (left)ha
7、ve / has been away ( from ) 离开 begin (began)have / has been on 开始 5join (joined)have / has been in 参加 go (went)have / has been there / in 去 come/arrive/reach/get tohave / has been here / in 来/达 end (ended)have/has been over 结束例：The film began five minutes ago. -The film has been on for five minutes.
8、 -It has been five minutes since the film began. 用“be形容词”代终止性动词 1. “ bemarried” 代替 marry 2. “beill” 代替 fall (get) ill 3. “bedead” 代替 die 4. “beasleep” 代替 fall (get) asleep 5. “beawake” 代替 wake/wake up 6. “begone” 代替 lose, die, sell, leave 7. “beopen” 代替 open 8. “be closed” 代替 close/shut用“be副词”代终止性动词
9、 1. “beon” 代替 start, begin 2. “beup” 代替 get up3. “beback(to)” 代替 return to, come back to, go back to 4. “be here (there)” 代替 come(arrive, reach, get) here 或 go (arrive, reach, get) there 等等6用“be介词短语”代终止性动词 1.”be in/at +地点” 代替 go to /come to 2.”用 be in the army” 代替 join the army 3.”be in/at +地点” 代替 m
10、ove to 一、考点：一、考点：现在完成时的基本用法和时间状语；以及动词过去分词的变化规则。二、易错点：二、易错点： has gone (to); has been (to); has been (in) 三者的区别。1. has gone to：表示某人已去了某地，（现未回来）（不可与 for+一段时间连用）。例：-Where is Tom? 汤姆在哪里？-He has gone to Shanghai. 他已经去了上海。2. has been to：表示去过某地，（现已回来）（不可与 for+一段时间连用）。例：I have been to New York three times so
11、 far. 到目前为止，我已经去过纽约三次了。3. has been in：表示一直呆在某地，常与时间段搭配。例：I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。题模一：基本用法题模一：基本用法例例 1.1.11.1.1 I _ already _ in this school for three years. A was; studyingB are; studying三点剖析题模精选7C will; studyD have; studied例例 1.1.21.1.2 I _ English since 2010. A h
12、ave learntB have learn C learntD learn例例 1.1.31.1.3 I _ my pencil yet. A have findB havent found C foundD find例例 1.1.41.1.4 Mr. Brown isnt at home. He _ to his office. A has beenB has gone C has goD went题模二：动词过去分词变化规则题模二：动词过去分词变化规则例例 1.2.11.2.1 用动词的适当形式填空。1. She _ (live) in Hubei for two years.例例 1.
13、2.21.2.2 You neednt tell him. I _ (tell) him already.例例 1.2.31.2.3 We _ just _ (have) our lunch.例例 1.2.41.2.4 Peter _ (live) in his hometown since he left here.例例 1.2.51.2.5 They _ (not read) the interesting books yet.题模三：句型转换题模三：句型转换例例 1.3.11.3.1 I have been there for two years. 否定句：_ 疑问句：_ 肯定回答：_
14、否定回答：_例例 1.3.21.3.2 My father has lived here since 2000. 否定句：_ 疑问句：_8肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_随练随练 1.11.1 Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school for two years. A was; studyingB will; study C has; studiedD are; studying随练随练 1.21.2 We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl. A knowB had known C have knownD knew随练随练 1.31.3 His father _ the Party since 1978. A joinedB has joined C was inD has been in随练随练 1.41.4 -Our country _ a lot so far.-Yes. I hope it will be even _. A
