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1、Reading skill- Making InferencesConsider first some inferences you might make in everyday life. 1. You drive into a small town that has two diners. There are two cars at one diner and many cars at the other. Which diner may have better food and prices? 2. You come upon a dog in the park and it cring
2、es when you try to pet it. What might you infer? 3. You look in the newspaper for a movie to see. One film has a full-page ad with favorable comments from well- known film reviewers. Another movie has a full-page ad with favorable comments from radio stations and newspapers you never heard of. Which
3、 may be the better movie?Practice 1 A student always sits in the back of the classroom. The student dislikes the course. The student is unprepared for class. The student feels uncomfortable in the front of the room. The student is far-sighted.Practice 2 A pencil has teeth marks on it. The person who
4、 used the pencil was nervous. The pencil was chewed up by a toddler or pet. Someone or something chewed the pencil. The pencil belongs to someone who is trying to quit smoking.Practice 3 People are crowding around the entrance to a toy store, which wont open for another hour. The store is the only t
5、oy store in the entire state. There is always a crowd like this an hour before opening. The store has paid a crowd to show up. The store is having a well-publicized sale.Practice 4 Inside a car with an out-of-state license are several maps, suitcases, and bags of snacks. The driver of the car is on
6、vacation. The driver of the car is on a business trip. The driver of the car has children. The driver of the car is on a trip of some kind.Guidelines for making inferences in reading Never lose sight of the available information; Use your background information and experience to help you in making i
7、nferences; Consider the alternatives. Dont simply accept the first sentence that comes to mind. Instead, consider all of the facts of a case and all the possible explanation. For example, the doctor analyzing your rash and fever may first think of and then eliminate several possibilities before comi
8、ng to the right conclusion. Practice 5: Check () the two inferences that are most firmly based on the information given A sociology professor wrote on the board, “A woman without her man is nothing” and, with a smile, asked students to punctuate the sentence correctly. The men all wrote, “A woman, w
9、ithout her man, is nothing.” However, the women wrote, “A woman: Without her, man is nothing.” 1. The professor was definitely a man. 2. The professor did not believe students could punctuate the words correctly. 3. The professor knew there was more than one way to punctuate the words correctly. 4.
10、The professor is not a good teacher. 5. Gender differences caused students to read and punctuate the professors words differently.Practice 6 A famous psychology experiment conducted by Dr. John B. Watson demonstrates that people, like animals, can be conditioned - trained to respond in a particular
11、way to certain stimulations. Watson gave an eleven- month-old baby named Albert a soft, furry white rat. Each time Albert tried to stroke the rat, Dr. Watson hit a metal bar with a hammer. Before long, Albert was afraid not only of white rats but also of white rabbits, white dogs, and white fur coat
12、s. He even screamed at the sight of a Santa Claus Mask. Check () the three inferences that can most logically be drawn from it.1. Dr. Watson did not like small children. 2. Before the experiment, Albert was not afraid of white rats. 3. Albert had been familiar with rats before the experiment. 4. If he had seen a black fur coat, Albert would have screamed. 5. Albert connected the loud noise of the hammer striking the mental bar with the white rat. 6. Albert was afraid of unexpected loud noise.
