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1、高考阅读指导高考阅读指导 标题和主旨大意标题和主旨大意2014年浙江省普通高考考试说明对阅读理解 题的考查要求: 本部分共分两节，测试考生的英语阅读理解能力， 要求考生能够读懂书、报、杂志、网络中关于一般 性话题的短文以及公告、说明、广告等（生词量不 超过3%），并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能： (1)理解主旨和要义； (2)理解文中具体信息； (3)根据上下文推断生词的词义 (4)作出判断和推理； (5)理解文章的基本结构； (6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。2009-20132009-2013年浙江省高考英语试卷阅读理解第一节考点分布年浙江省高考英语试卷阅读理解第一节考点分布年份 事实细节
2、 词义判断 推理判断 主旨概括 篇章结构0982631109010101174720 128192013901010另：第二节2011、2012考查给各个段落加小标题 ，2013考查找段落的首句，其实质也就是考查主 旨大意，对考生的语篇归纳与概括能力要求较高。阅读中阅读中主旨大意主旨大意题的题型分类题的题型分类主旨题标题类文章主旨段落主旨Scan the questions in the five passages and try to find the related questions.Example150 Example260 Example359 Example459 Example5
3、 60 Example356设问形式: 1、标题类常见的标题型题干： 1) The best title / headline for this passage might be_. 2) The text (passage) could be entitled _. 3) What is the best title for the passage? 4) Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage? 5）Which of the following is the best title for the
4、 passage? 2、大意类常见的主题型题干： 1) Which of the following is conveyed in this article? 2) With what topic is the passage chiefly concerned? 3）The main idea of the passage/ paragraph1 is 4）The passage/paragraph1 is mainly about 5）The passage/paragraph1 mainly discusses 6）Which of the following statements be
5、st expresses the main idea of the passage?解题思路与应试技巧解题思路与应试技巧一、标题类标题是段落中心思想最精炼的表达形式。文章标题 可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子。 特点：.概括性: 短小精悍，多为一短语；.全面性:涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范 围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；.针对性:精确性强，不能随意改变表意的程度及色彩。 标题要避免概括不够，即以部分代整体，或以事实细节代 替具体的大意；也要避免概括过度，即脱离了文本内容的 过度发挥，导致标题范围太大，缺乏针对性。标题得像帽 子一样，大小合适才行。另外，标题要新颖醒目，能吸引 读者
6、。 选帽原则Example1 50.What could be the best title for the passage? A. Charm of the Detour B. The Road to Bravery C. Creativity out of Necessity D. Road trip and Country Life Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours(绕行路)in life that by the narrow road toward goals. I like
7、this image. But It was quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words.Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight. But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the
8、best part of a journey- and the best part of yourself.Charm of the Detour An experience(Too large) (Too narrow)(Too narrow)二、主旨大意类二、主旨大意类 关键： 识别文体，找到主题句（topic sentence)说明文说明文 议论文议论文记叙文记叙文在首段在首段 (较常见较常见) ) (总总分分) ) 在结尾段在结尾段(较少见较少见) ) ( (分分总总) ) 在中间在中间 中心贯穿全文中心贯穿全文 ( (较常见较常见 ) ) 不同体裁文章主题句在文中的位置不同体裁文章主
9、题句在文中的位置: :注：8090% 的主旨大意出现在文章首段,说明文重视首段,议论文重视首尾段, 注意每段第一句话；记叙文重视重要情节，人物及事物特征。如何找准主题句如何找准主题句一：主题句的特点一：主题句的特点: :包含文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。包含文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。某些文章中反复出现的中心词(即高频词)二二. . 关注重要标志词：关注重要标志词：1)1) but, yet, however but, yet, however 等等2)2) not onlybut alsonot onlybut also句型句型 3)3) for example for example
10、 ，such assuch as等词等词4)4) so, therefore, actually ,in short, so, therefore, actually ,in short, 等词等词 5)5) show/find/ suggest/argue show/find/ suggest/argue 等词后往往预示着新等词后往往预示着新 发现或真理发现或真理 其后的为主题句其后的为主题句but alsobut also后的为主题句后的为主题句其前的为主题句其前的为主题句其后的为主题句其后的为主题句其后的为主题句其后的为主题句Planning a visit to the UK? Her
11、e we help with ways to cut your costs. Example2说明文主题句在文章首段（较常见）60. The main purpose of the passage is _.A. to tell visitors how to book in advance B. to supply visitors with hotel informationC. to show visitors the importance of self-help D. to offer visitors some money-saving tips Example 3广告类 56.
12、What is mainly discussed in paragraph 2? A.the heat of the EP B. the safety of the EP C. the appearance of the EP D. the material of the EP The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire. The outside of EP only gets warm to the touch so that it will not burn children or pets. (para2) 无主题句
13、：无主题句：考生需根据文章考生需根据文章( (段落）中所叙述的事实或提供的线索段落）中所叙述的事实或提供的线索 来概括和总结文章（段落）的大意来概括和总结文章（段落）的大意59. The main purpose of the passage is to . A. persuade people to buy the product B. advise people to save on heating bills C. report the new development of portable heaters D. compare the difference of different h
14、eater brandsTake action right now!注：结论性或者转折性的语言，这往往是文章的主旨。Some people will do just about anything to save money. I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your moneys worth. Im also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldnt hesit
15、ate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shape longer, and its the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts.Example4. 59. What does the author want to tell us?A.How to expose bad tricks. B. How to reserve airline seats. C. How to spend money
16、 wisely. D. How to make a business deal.注： 要关注关键段落、关键词、主题句。议论文Example5 60. The passage is meant to . A. justify paying for faster services B. discuss the morals of allocating things C. analyze the reason for standing in line D. criticize the behavior of queue jumpingPara2. Markets and queuespaying and waiting
