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1、基础知识自测重点词汇讲练写作句型仿写基础知识自测 1. _ vt. 献身；专心于_ n. 忠实；忠诚_ adj. 忠实的；深爱的devoted devote devotion一、单词拓展 (A)单词派生2. _ vt. 带领；引导 n. 导游_ n. 指导；领导，向导guide guidance3. _ adj.平等的_ n.平等_ adv.平等地equal equality equally4. _adj.有活力的; 积极的_n.行动_ n.活动5._ adj.暴力的_ n.暴力，暴行violenceactiveaction activityviolent1. Monica is a _ fr
2、iend. His _ to us is quite clear. (devote) (B)灵活运用devoted devotion第一个是形容词修饰名词，表示“忠 实的”；第二个是名词作主语，表示“ 忠实、忠心”。2. We should take an active part in after- class _ (active).3. Some of the films are full of _, which is not good for young kids. (violent)violence 介词后接名词作宾语泛指各类课外活动。activities4. Welcome to Be
3、ijing. Im your _ in this trip. (guide) 在形容词性物主代词后用名词, 表 示“导游”。5. They believed that all men and women were born _.(equal) 习语: be born equal 天生平等。equal guide二、短语翻译 1. _ 被判处(徒刑)2. _ 事实上3. _ 失业4. _ 设立；建立set up be sentenced toas a matter of factout of work5. _ 当权；上台6. _ 丧失勇气或信心7. _ 求助于；致力于8. _ 在困境中in tr
4、ouble come to powerlose heartturn to9. _ 同斗争到底10._为而死11._ 炸毁；给充气12._ 把关进监狱fight againstdie forblow upputin/ into prison三、语篇填空 My name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time when I first 1 _ (meet) Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It
5、 was in 1952 and Mandela was the black 2 _ (law) to whom I went for advice. He offered 3 _ (guide) to poor black people on 4 _ (they) legal problems. their guidance lawyermetHe was generous with his time, 5 _ which I was grateful.I needed his help because I had very little education. I began school
6、at six. The school 6 _ I studied for only two years was three kilometres away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. whereforI could not read 7 _ write well. After 8 _ (try) hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a time when one had
7、 got to have a passbook 9 _ (live) in Johannesburg. 10 _ (sad), I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.Sadlyto livetryingor1. met 由后面的was可知用一般过去时。 2. lawyer 在冠词加形容词后用名词，表示“ 律师”。 3. guidance 作offered的宾语用名词，表示“ 指导”。 4. their 在名词前作定语。 5. f
8、or 引导定语从句的which，指前句内容“ 他十分慷慨地给予时间(就法律问题给予指 导)”这回事；又由be grateful to sb. for sth. ( 因某事感谢某人)可知，填介词for。6. where 引导定语从句并在从句中作地 点状语。 7. or 在否定句中表示并列，用or。 8. trying 因after是介词，介词后要用动 词的-ing形式作宾语。 9. to live 表示目的用不定式。 10. Sadly 作状语，修饰全句，用副词。四、语段改错 With the help of Mandela, I became more hope about my future
9、. I never forgot what kind Mandela was. When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined them as soon as I can. He said:“The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progresses,until today we have reached a stage which we havealmost no rights at all.”hopefulhow
10、itcouldprogresswhere“ we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, nor fight the government only then wedecide to answer for violence with violence.”But I knew it would help us achieve ourdream of making black and white people equally.didequalor1. hope hopeful
11、 在became后作表语，要 用形容词。 2. what how 修饰作表语的形容词kind， 用how，表示“多么”。 3. them it 指参加the ANC Youth League 这个组织，用代词it。 4. can could 由上文动词时态可知，用一 般过去时。 5. progresses progress 因progress是不可 数名词，没有复数形式。6. which where 引导定语从句并在从句中 作地点状语，用where。 7. nor or 因eitheror是固定搭配。 8. 在we前加did 因only then位于句首，谓语 要用部分倒装；由上文可知，dec
12、ide应为一 般过去时，故在主语前加did。 9. 去掉answer后的for 因answer violence with violence 意为“以暴制暴”；而answer for意为“对负责，因而受罚”。 10. equally equal 作宾语要用形容词。重点词汇讲练 例句 She devoted herself entirely to writing. 她全心投入写作。1. devote vt. 献身于；致力于派生 devoted adj.深爱的，忠实的devotion n.奉献devoteto把用在献给 devote oneself to 献身于致力于 be devoted to专
13、心于深爱忠诚搭配注意 to是介词, 后接名词、代词或者动名词。运用 将下列句子译成汉语。 He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind. Please devote more time to your work. 请把更多的时间用于工作。他把一生都致力于造福人类的事业。 He devoted himself to helping the poor. She is devoted to her studies. (5)She is devoted to her children.她深爱她的孩子。他致力于帮助穷人。她专心于她的学习。2. v
14、ote v. 投票；选举n. 投票；选票；表决例句 It was the truth. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. 这是真话。当时黑人没有选举权，无 法选择他们的领导人。vote for 投票赞成/选()vote against 投票反对搭配运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。 (1)下届选举我可能选她。I may _ at the next election. vote for her(2)此事将通过投票的方式表决。 The matter will be decided _.(3)十六票赞成我的建议，十五票反对。 There were 16 _ in favor of my suggestion, and 15 _.againstagainstby vote by vote votes votes 3. equal adj. 平等的；相等的 例句 I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal. 我知道这有助于我们实现使黑人
