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1、Implication of Animal TermsImplication of Animal TermsTalking about cultural connotations, one will first think of images represented by animalsImplication of Animal Terms 英汉动物喻体相同、喻义相似 英汉动物喻体相异、喻义相似 英汉动物喻体相同、喻义相异 英语动物词汇的象征意义英汉动物喻体相同、喻义相似Sometimes Chinese and English share connotative meanings:“狐狸”
2、and “fox” Cunning 狡猾的 “猴子” and “monkey” Mischief恶作剧 “狼” and “wolf” Savageness残忍WOLF The Gospel of Matthew 7:15, New Testament Beware of false prophets, which come to you in sheeps clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves. 在新约马太福音第七章：耶稣在加利利一带传道布 教，收了很多信徒。有一天，他对门徒说: “你们要防 备假先知。他们到你们这里来，外面披着羊皮，里
3、面 却是残暴的狼。” Aesops Fables 伊索寓言“A wolf in sheeps clothing”披着羊皮的狼 表面温顺友善，实则凶残的伪君子 Mrs. Martin trusted the lawyer until she realized that he was a wolf in sheeps clothing. 马丁太太原来很信任那个律师， 后来才认清他是个披着羊皮的狼。 WOLF：凶猛、狡诈、贪婪 The life of the wolf is the death of the lamb.狼的生就是羔羊的死。 Wake not a sleeping wolf.莫惹是生非
4、Dont wake a sleeping . See a wolf吓得张口结舌，说不出话来 To lead a wolf into the house引狼入室greedy as a wolf贪得无厌WOLF用以指人：A man who is always ready to make sexual advance to a woman a wolf-whistle“He has a face like an angel, but hes really a terrible wolf.” 色狼FOX：伶俐、诡诈、狡猾 The clever fox escaped the hunter. 伶俐的狐狸
5、逃过了猎人的追捕。 He is as sly as a fox. Youve got to watch him.他狡猾如狐狸，你可要小心点。 You can never fox me.你绝对骗不了我。 Monkey恶作剧，捣蛋 1. monkey business：（非正式）恶作剧 ；骗人把戏，捣鬼 2. make a monkey (out ) of sb ：使某人 出丑，戏弄（愚弄）某人 3. a monkey on your back：（英，非正 式）使生活艰难的沉重负担（尤指对素养 品的依赖） 4. monkey around：（英，非正式）胡闹 ，捣蛋，调皮Serpent：阴险、毒辣
6、、狡诈 Bible:Satan searches for Eve and is delighted to find her alone. In the form of a serpent, he talks to Eve and compliments her on her beauty and godliness Serpent/Snake a snake in the grass潜伏的危险，暗藏的敌人 a snake in ones bosom(胸怀，内心）恩将仇报的人，背信弃义的人 serpent eye如蛇般阴险的眼光PIG：肮脏、贪婪、懒惰 Hed been a pig about
7、money.他对钱贪得无厌。 Make a pig of oneself大吃大喝，狼吞虎咽 Pigs in clover（三叶草）暴发户；行为粗鲁的有钱人in clover: 生活富裕 Buy a pig in a poke未经过目而买下的上当货；冲动购买的东西Other Examples: He doesnt have an idea of his own. He just parrots what others say.他没有自己的观点，只是鹦鹉学舌罢了。 As slow as a snail/at a snails pace像蜗牛一样缓慢 A lion at home, a mouse
8、abroad.在家如狮，在外如鼠。 A rat crossing the street is chased by all.老鼠过街，人人喊打。英汉动物喻体相异、喻义相似 文化的差异导致同样的喻义在此文化中 用这种喻体，在彼文化中可能使用一个 完全不同的喻体。“百兽之王” 汉文化：虎 英语文化：狮子LION Websters Third New International Dictionary of the English Language: “a person felt to be like a lion especially in courage, ferocity凶猛, dignity o
9、r dominance统治” Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary: “a person or a country that is considered to be strong and powerful, and which other people respect or fear” 英国人自豪地以狮子作为国家标志，英 国国徽的中心图案是Lion,因此英国又被 称为The British Lion，所以to twist the lions tail意为“向英国挑战”。Lion and Unicorn（雄狮代表英格兰，独角兽代表 苏格兰）是英国
10、王室纹章上（即英国国 徽）的动物。 英国历史上查里一世(King Richard)因 其勇武善战被誉为the lion-hearted king（狮心王） 英国著名诗人雪莱(Shelley)在一首诗中 号召被压迫者像狮子醒来： “Rise like lions after slumber” 在学术界有威风的人被称为a literary lion，有如汉语“泰斗，执牛耳”。 汉语言中用“虎”比喻勇猛、威武，例如“虎 将”brave general、“虎劲”、“虎威”。 老虎不仅具备西方狮子的正面形象，还有“ 凶狠、残忍”的反面形象，如孔子的“苛政猛 于虎”。Tyranny is fiercer
11、than a tiger Beard the lion in his den 虎口拔牙 An ass in lions skin 狐假虎威 英语民族也常用“狮子”来形容处于主宰地位 的人。Jack was married and had a lioness at home. tigress 母老虎胆小 汉文化：鼠（胆小如鼠） 英语文化：兔子 (as timid as a hare) “兔”在汉文化中是敏捷、迅速的象征：“ 静如处子，动若脱兔” “鼠”在英语文化中是安静的象征：as quiet as a mouse as timid as a rabbit, chicken-livered, p
12、igeon-hearted勤劳，吃苦耐劳 汉文化：牛（俯首甘为孺子牛，老黄牛） 英语文化：马(work like a horse 任劳任怨) as strong as a horse 健壮 horse power 力大a willing horsea willing horse羊 英国牧羊业发达 To separate sheep from goats Sheep: 能力强，成绩突出者 Goats: 能力弱，业绩平平者 Black sheep (There is a in every flock.) 害群之马 长黑毛的绵羊比较少，魔鬼的标志Could you try these ones? 牛
13、饮 Drink like a fish 对牛弹琴 Cast pearls before swine猪 落汤鸡 A drowned rat 狐假虎威 An ass in lions skin 蠢得像头猪 As stupid as a goose 如鱼得水 Like a duck to water 养虎遗患 Cherish a snake in ones bosom 狗改不了吃屎。 You can not make a crab螃蟹 walk straight.Could you try these ones? Although sometimes Chinese and English shar
14、e connotative meanings, in many cases the same animal image may stand for different connotations. The most conspicuous显著的 example is 狗 and “dog”.英汉动物喻体相同、喻义相异 In Chinese most phrases and idioms with 狗 contain derogatory senses贬义: 走狗，癞皮 狗，狗仗人势，狼心狗肺，狗胆包天 In English “dog” is thought to be the most fait
15、hful friend of human beings, most phrases and idioms containing the word “dog” have neutral or commendatory implications: top dog, lucky dog, clever dog, help a lame dog over a stile雪中送炭, Every dog has its day China Daily “Chinas Watchdog Finds Fake Investors”中国监管机构发现假冒投资 者”龙 and “Dragon” 汉文化：“龙的传人” descendents of the dragon, “真龙天子” true sons of the dragon from heaven 中国成语大辞典lists 115 entries with the character 龙, most of which are of commendatory sense. The connotation of the word “dragon”: So
