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1、聚丙烯改性及其汽车保险杠的研制I中文摘要中文摘要本论文通过橡胶(POE)、聚丙烯(PP)、滑石粉共混和添加成核剂改变聚丙烯的结晶形态两种方式来对聚丙烯进行增韧，并通过马来酸酐（MAH）与苯乙烯（St）对聚丙烯（PP）进行增强极性改性，研究了改性后复合材料的性能，并取得了一定的效果。在研究橡胶增韧 PP 的过程中，采用了 DOW 化学公司近几年推出的用茂金属催化剂通过乙烯和辛烯原位聚合技术生产的一种饱和乙烯一辛烯共聚物(POE)增韧改性PP。对 PP/POE 体系的力学性能进行了研究，并用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对其进行了详细的表征。结果表明，POE 加入随含量的增加，PP 的冲击强度和断裂伸长
2、率不断升高，拉伸屈服强度不断降低，且随着拉伸速率的增加，PP/POE 共混体系的拉伸屈服强度逐渐升高，而断裂伸长率则逐渐降低;分析表明，加入 POE 破坏了 PP 分子链的规整性，阻碍 PP 的结晶， ，导致其结晶度不断降低;POE 与 PP 具有较好的相容性，POE 加入没有改变 PP 的晶面间距和晶型。在研究滑石粉对聚丙烯增强的过程中，采用 1250 目的滑石粉增强填充 PP/POE体系，并对其力学性能进行了研究，随着滑石粉用量的增加，混合体系的冲击强度降低，但其断裂伸长率在加入 15%之前一直在上升，15%后开始下降。滑石粉对 PP有异相成核作用，随着滑石粉的加入，球晶渐趋不规则,边界变
3、得模糊,球晶尺寸下降,球晶分布趋于均匀。在研究成核剂改变聚丙烯进行增韧的过程中，用 晶型成核剂(TMB-4)对 PP 的结晶和力学性能进行研究，结果表明，TMB-4 能使共聚 PP 拉伸强度有所提高，TMB-4 因诱发 PP 产生大量 晶，使其缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率提高了 56%和 15%。通过 POE、成核剂、滑石粉复配来对 PP 进行增韧，并对其力学性能进行表征，结果表明，其冲击强度和拉伸强度都有一定程度的提高，综合性能良好。一些性能达到了保险杠对 PP 复合材料的要求。关键词关键词:聚丙烯，POE，滑石粉，成核剂，结晶，力学性能安徽建筑工业学院本科生毕业论文IIAbstractIn t
4、he thesis,the polypropylene(PP) resin was modified for toughness by two methods,Including the adding of POE and Talcum powder,blending with nucleators to modify the crystallization off PP.And by maleic anhydride (MAH) and styrene (St) on polypropylene (PP) to enhance the polarity.The properties of P
5、P composite were studied and the result is good.Saturation ethylene-oetylene copolylner(P0E) produced by DOW chemistry company via ethylene and octylene original position polymerization eatalysised by metallocene was adopted，when studying modified PP.the mechanical properties Of the PP/POE system we
6、re studied and they were investigated by differential seanning calorimetry(DSC).The results show that the impact strength and rupture elongation ratio of PP/POE can be increased gradually and tensile yield intension reduced gradually as the adding content of POE,while tensile yield intension can be
7、increased gradually and rupture elongation ratio reduced gradually as the increasing of rate of estension.The crystallization analysis show that the erystallization degree of PP was redueted sequeneely by adding POE to damage PP molecular thain regulation and hind PP crystallization.The crystallizat
8、ion shape and interplanar distance of PP was not changed by adding POE and there is very good consisteney between PP and POE.In the research process of that Talc reinforced polypropylene, talc was used to increase PP/POE system, and the mechanical properties were studied.with the increase of the amo
9、unt of talc,the impact strength of the mixed system decreased, But the elongation at break before joining the 15% has been rising, over 15% began to decrease.Talc on PP play the role of heterogeneous nucleation,With the addition of talc,Spherulites become more irregular,boundaries are blurred,Spheru
10、lite size decreases,Spherulites to uniform.The influence ofform(TMB-4) nucleators on erystallization and mechanieal properties of impact co-polypropylen was studied,the results show that TMB-4 inereases tensile intension to some extent.TMB-4 because of its indueting co-PP togenerate more. crystal fo
11、rm has more evidently increased impact strength and rupture elongation ratio of PP about 56% and 15% .The PP resin was modified for toughness by multiplicity formulation of POE,talc and nueleators，and the meehanieal properties of PP/POE/talc/nucleators were tested.The results show that Impact streng
12、th and tensile intension can be inereased to some extent and combination property is good.The PP composite reach the require of auto bumper.聚丙烯改性及其汽车保险杠的研制IIIKeywords:polypropylene，POE，nueleator，crystallization，mechanical property安徽建筑工业学院本科生毕业论文IV目目 录录第 1 章 引 言.1 1.1 国内外聚丙烯汽车保险杠发展现状 .1 1.1.1 介绍.1 1.1.2 国内外聚丙烯汽车保险杠及专用料的发展概况.1 1.2 汽车保险杠用聚丙烯存在问题和开发难点.3 1. 3 聚丙烯汽车保险杠专用料.3 1.3.1 聚丙烯与弹性体共混料.3 1.3.2 PP/EPDM 型反应型共混料.4 1.3.3 嵌段共聚 PP/聚烯烃热塑性弹性体(TPE)共混料.4 1.3.4 新型高分子材料丰田超级烯烃聚合物.4 1.3.5 非交联发泡保险杠.4 1.3.6 汽车保险杠专用树脂.5 1.3.7 可涂饰汽车保险杠.5 1.4 汽车保险杠的成型方法和回收利用.5 1.4.1 汽车保险杠的成型方法.
