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1、语法专项突破系列形容词、副词和倍数表达法考点1 比较级、最高级的用法 有关比较级和最高级的考查主要有以下几点: 1. 等级用法的固定句式(1)as+形容词或副词原级+as. . . . 像一样(2)as+adj. +a(n)+n. 单数+as. . . 像一样(3)not so/as+形容词或副词原级+as. . . 不如那样(4)too/how+adj. +a/an+单数名词的固定句型(5)as many+复数名词+as. . . 或者as much+不可数名词+as. . . 和一样多注意: as much+a/an+n. 单数+as. . . 既是又是It is generally be
2、lieved that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. 人们通常认为教学既是一门艺术也是一门科学。2. 修饰比较级的副词及副词短语a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many times, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even, no等。注意: very, quite, fairly, too等通常修饰原级。3. 否定词十比较级表示最高级Your story is perfect; Ive never heard a better one be
3、fore. 你的故事太完美了, 我之前从来没有听过比这更好的故事。I cant agree more. 我非常同意。【点津】对于形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的考查已经呈现出间接化的特点, 即很少出现标志性的单词, 如as, than等, 而是通过设置语境, 让考生判断用原级、比较级还是最高级, 所以准确理解语境意义, 理顺上下文逻辑关系才是解题关键。另外, 很多考生在写作中对the+比较级. . . , the+比较级. . . 这一句式结构掌握不够精准, 需要注意, 在两个the+比较级的后面的两个分句都要用陈述语序。【典题印证】用所给词的适当形式填空(2014大纲版全国卷)Raymonds
4、 parents wanted him to have_ (good)possible education. 解题关键: 此句中的possible涉及一个重要用法, 即用于形容词后表示强调。例如: It was the best possible surprise anyone could have given me. 那是我曾感受过的最大惊喜。答案判定: 句意: 雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。故用the best。考点2 倍数句型的用法 常见的倍数句型主要有: 1. A is+倍数十比较级+than+B。2. A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B。3. A is+倍数+the+名词(si
5、ze, length, height等)+of+B。4. the+名词(size, length, height等)+of A +is+倍数+that+of+B。5. A is+倍数+what引导的名词性从句。【点津】从句型结构的差异词汇出发, 牢记各个句型间的细节差异。在实际应用中, 倍数词可以用分数或half, double等词替换。【典题印证】用适当的词填空(2013安徽高考)Its said that the power plant is now twice large as what it was. 解题关键: 倍数的表达法有多种, 此处为“倍数词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+其他
6、”结构。注意题干中已经有了一个as。答案判定: 句意: 据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。故用as。考点3 形容词、副词作状语的用法 本考点主要涉及形容词(短语)和副词作状语的区别。例如: Light-hearted and optimistic, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. We used to see each other regularly, but I havent heard from him since last year. 【点津】注意形容词或形容词短语可以在句中
7、作状语, 说明句子中主语或宾语的状态; 而副词作状语一般情况下用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子。【典题印证】用所给词的适当形式填空(2013上海高考)The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really (worry). 解题关键: 本句中, 需要一个形容词来说明主语的状态, 语法上叫“主语补足语”。答案判定: 句意: 法官们没有暗示他们的想法, 所以, 我满怀担心地离开了房间。所以用形容词worried。考点4 连接副词的用法 连连接副词词逻辑语逻辑语 意意 义义though表转转折虽虽然, 然而yet
8、表转转折然而, 可是however表转转折, 其后常用逗号然而, 但是instead表转转折或相反相反, 代替otherwise表转转折否 则则连连接副词词逻辑语逻辑语 意意 义义besides表递进递进另外, 而且moreover表递进递进再说说, 而且still表递进递进仍然, 依然therefore表结结果因 此thus表结结果因 此anyway表让让步无论论如何【典题印证】用适当的词填空(2014江苏高考)I cant meet you on Sunday. Ill be occupied. 解题关键: otherwise在牛津词典中如此解释: in a different way t
9、o the way mentioned。例如: He should have been working, but he was otherwise engaged. 他应该在工作, 可他却干别的事。朗文辞典直接把otherwise engaged作为短语, 意为“忙于别的事情”。考生比较容易误用just, 代入后翻译为“我就是很忙”, 在社交场合, 这是不礼貌的表达, 故此处用otherwise。【高考集训】用所给词的适当形式填空1. (2014广东高考)When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was _(sur
10、prise)helpful. 2. (2014广东高考)After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months _(early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. surprisinglyearlier3. (2013广东高考)“That would be a very _(reason)thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a sma
11、ll village like ours, ”Nick said. 4. (2013广东高考)But such a small thing couldnt _ (possible) destroy a village. 5. (2012广东高考)Mary felt _(please), because there were many empty seats in the room. reasonablepossiblypleased6. (2014新课标全国卷)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and _ (disappoint). 7. (2014辽宁高考)Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and _ (soft). 8. (2013新课标全国卷)It may not be a great suggestion. But before a _ (good)one is put forward, well make do with it. disappointedsoftlybetter
