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1、第一课第一天1.useful ju:sful adj. 有用的,有益的;有帮助的 常在句中作表语、定语 l useful前使用不定冠词只能用a,不能用an,因为它的发音以 辅音因素开头 l 以-ful结尾的形容词的反义词多以相应的-less结尾的形容词 例:uesful(有用的)-useless(无用的)careful(细心的)-careless(粗心的)helpful(有帮助的)-helpless(徒劳的)2. painter 可数名词,意为“画家,图画者”由动词 paint +er l 有的动词加后缀-er,有的动词加后缀-or构成名词 例:teach-teacher;sing-singe
2、r;read-reader;visit-visitor; invent-inventor l 动词加后缀-er或-or,变成的名词多指男性,若指女性则要加 后缀-ress 例:actor-actress; waiter-waiteresstailorteil -tailoress author: -authoress3. cook 名词:厨师;动词:烹调,煮,烧 拓展: l cooker 名词:炊具4. look up 意为“查阅,查询,仰视,向上看”,加代词放在look 后面,up前面 例:Look it up.查阅一下 拓展:与look相关的短语 l look around 向四周看 l
3、look out 向外看,当心 l look like 看起来像 l look the same 看起来相同 l look forward 盼望5. pick up 捡起 l clean up 打扫干净 l give up 放弃6.be born in/on的用法 be born意为“出生”其后面接地点或时间状语。接地点名词用 介词in,接时间名词时用介词on或in 例:I was born in BeiJing. l 具体到某一天用on 例:I was born in 1980. l 出生于某年某月用in 例:I was born on May3,1973.7. show (1)出示、展示、
4、显露、路出 例:He showed his photo to me./He showed me his photo (2)流露,表示,表现 例:He showed great interest in science when he was young. (3)教、告诉、说明、指点 例:She showed me the way on the map.8.ability 能力、才能 l能力:不可数名词 l才能:可数名词abilities l固定短语:have the ability to do sth有能力做某事9. intelligence才智、智慧 l记忆: in + tell +igenc
5、e ln.无复数形式 lan intelligence test智力测验10. be famous for 和be famous as的区别 lfamous for意为“因而闻名” 例:HangZhou is famous for the West Lake. lbe famous as 意为“作为而著名” 例:He is famous as a singer. l most famous是famous最高级,意为“最著名的”,最高级前一 般加定冠词the第二天2.drawing/picture/painting的区别 l drawing 指素描、线条画、铅笔画、钢笔画 l picture 指
6、图片、图画、照片等,指照片时,与photo意义相同 l painting指着色的水彩画、油画1. include/including/included包含包括 linclude 包含、包括 vt lincluding包含、包括 介词 lincluded包括在内的,常用于名词、代词之后,它和including引 起的短语含义相同,但在句中的词序位置不同 lme included/ including me3. more than 超过、多余,其反义词为less than 意为“少于” l more than+数词 超过、多余,相当于over l no more than(=only)仅仅; l
7、not more than 不少于、不超过 5.everywhere/nowhere/anywhere/somewhere的区别4. million意为“百万”,与具体的数字连用时,不加S,后面直接加复 数名词,millions of 意为“数百万的”,其后接可数名词复数,不 与具体数字连用,另外,hundred,thousand和million的用法相同 例:millions of people/two thousand students 记忆:数字清时无S和of;数字模糊时s和of 后面跟everywhere到处用于肯定句nowhere没有一处表示否定的含义anywhere任何地方多用于否
8、定句和疑问句somewhere某个地方用于肯定句7.even 意为“甚至”,主要用于加强语气。修饰形容词、副词的 比较级 例:The boy is even taller than his father.Even he doesnt know the secret.6. asas意为“与一样”,当两个比较对象在某个方面相同时 ,用“as+形容词/副词原形+as”结构,表示A与B一样 例:This trww is as tall as that one. 拓展:比较两个对象时,若一方不及另一方,则用“not+ as+形 容词/副词原形+as”结构,表示“A不如B样” 例:Our school i
9、s not as big as yours.8. die out 意为“灭绝、消失” 例:Why did they die out?例:He likes music. However, his wife doesnt.He likes music,but his wife doesnt.9. hower和but的区别however意为“然而”转折 的意味较弱可位于句首、句 中或句末后面常用逗号 隔开nowhere意为“但是”转折 的意味很强烈位于分句的句首后面不使用逗 号9. nobody不定代词,意为“没有人”相当于no one,nobady做主语 时,位于动词要用单数 例: The was
10、 nobody in the room.Nobody knows about it.everybody每个人、人人 somebody某人 anybody任何人、无论谁第三天例:They are coming out of the meeting room 1. comg out of 意为“从出来,在之外”词条含义词条含义 rush out of从冲出来look out of从向外看jump out of从跳出来take out of从取出来2. person/people/man的区别person 指个别人,其复数指具体的数量多于1的人people 集合名词,通常为复数,泛指人、人们,一般不
11、指具体 的人man除指男人外,还泛指一般的人4.help sb.(to) do sth意为“帮助某人做某事”,help后做宾补的不 定式带to不带to均可,有时与help sb. with sth.意思相同 例:He often helps me(to)study English./He often helps with my English l help oneself to 意为“随便吃些” 例:Help yourself some fish,children. l cant help doing意为“禁不住做” 例: She cant help laughting.3. used to
12、do sth意为“过去常常做某事”,并且暗含有“现在已 不做”之意,其中to是不定式符号,后面接动词原形 例:I used to go to that primary school.5.just like . 意为“正如、正像”,like此处用作介词,意为“像” 后接名词、代词、动名词 例:Everyone would like a clean classroom,just like home. 7.remember to do sth. 与remember doing sth.区别6. something important意为“重要的事”,形容词作定语修饰 somethinganythin
13、gnothing等不定代词时,要放在这些不定代词 的后面 例:I have something important to tell you.例:Remember to post his letter.I remember posting his letter.remember to do sth记得去做某事(此事还未做)remember doing sth.记得已做过某事(此事已做完)9.how long 意为“多长时间”“多长”,也可提问物体的长度 例:How long did you stay there?How long is the river? l how many +可数名词 l
14、how much +不可数名词 l how often “多久一次”8. someothers 意为“一些,另一些”,others指除去一部分之 后的另一些,但不是剩余的全部 例:There are lots of people in the park. Some are walking and others are climbing the hill. l some the others意为“一些,其余的”,others指剩下的全 包含在内的,其余的人或事物 例:There are many children on the beach. Some can swim but the other
15、s cant.第四天2.find out意为“了解到,弄清,发现” 例:Read this passage, and find out the answer to this question. l find out,查明,找出,指通过观察、探索等努力才查明结果 l find 发现,找到,强调结果 l look for 寻找,强调动作 例:I lost my pen. I have looked for it everywhere,but I cant find it. Could you help me find out who has found it? l look after 照顾1.
16、win 意为“赢得、获胜”,及物动词,后面所接的宾语一般是 比赛、辩论或战斗等名词,win 也可做不及物动词 例:Who won the mans 400 meters race?We must win today. l beat 意为“击败,打败,胜过”,其后所接的宾语是参加比赛 的人、团体 例:li li beat jim and won the first prize.4.There is not any body in the room. there be 表示存在,意为“某地有某物”,be动词应与紧跟其后 的主语的单复数形式保持一致。主语是不可数名词或可数名词单 数时用is 或 was,主语是可数名词复数时用are或were。 l