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1、课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测(1)含义：酶的催化效率大约是 的1071013倍。(2)意义：使细胞代谢 地进行。2专一性填空(1)含义：每一种酶只能催化 化学反应。(2)意义：使细胞代谢 地进行。第2课时 酶的特性酶的高效性和专一性无机催化剂剂快速一种或一类有条不紊Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.
2、0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测思维激活1 肽酶能催化多种多肽水解为氨基酸，是否说明肽酶没有专一性？提示 不是。酶的专一性是指每种酶只能催化一种或一类化学反应，肽酶催化的是一类反应，也说明其有专一性。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Sli
3、des for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测催化剂可加快化学反应速率，与无机催化剂相比，酶的催化效率更高。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.
4、5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测酶只能缩短达到化学反应平衡所需时间，而不改变化学反应的平衡点。酶只能催化已存在的化学反应。2酶的专一性(1)原因：每种酶分子都有特定的空间结构，酶催化反应时，酶分子首先与底物分子结合。但酶分子能否与底物分子结合，取决于酶分子的活性部位与底物分子在空间构象上是否对应，如下图：Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created wi
5、th Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5
6、.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测【训练1】 研究表明，一分子过氧化氢酶能在1 min内使5105个过氧化氢分子分解成氧和水，相当于Fe3催化速率的109倍，但是对糖的水解却不起作用。这个事实说明酶具有( )。A多样性、稳定性 B高效性、多样性C高效性、专一性 D高效性、稳定性解析 一分子过氧化氢酶催化
7、效率是Fe3的109倍，说明酶具有高效性；但是能水解过氧化氢，不能水解糖，说明酶具有专一性。答案 CEvaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检
8、测标检测(1)含义：酶对化学反应的 。(2)影响酶活性的主要因素： 。2探究影响酶活性的条件填空(1)探究温度对酶活性的影响酶的作用条件较温和 催化效率温度和pHEvaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspo
9、se Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测试管 步骤 112233淀粉溶液2 mL/2 mL/ 淀粉酶溶液/1 mL/1 mL/ 不同温度下 处理5 min60 将同一温度下的两种物质混合后 滴加碘液1滴1滴1滴 结果(现象) 结论酶的催化作用需在 下进行，温 度过高或过低都会影响酶的活性2 mL1 mL0 100 变蓝变蓝不变蓝变蓝变蓝变蓝适宜的温度保温5 minEvaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Create
10、d with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测(2)探究pH对酶活性的影响试管 步骤 123质量分数20%肝脏研磨液1 mL1 mL蒸馏水1 mL 质量分数5%氢氧化钠溶液 质量分数5%盐酸溶液 质量分数3%过氧化氢溶液2 mL2 mL振荡试管2 mL1 mL1 mL1 mLEvaluation only.Evaluation only.
11、Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测思维激活2 可以用过氧化氢酶探究温度对酶活性的影响吗？提示 不能。因H2O2在加热条件下会加快分解。结果(现象)结论酶的催化作用需在 下进行，pH过高或过低都
12、会影响酶的活性有大量气泡产产生无明显显气泡产产生无明显显气泡 产产生适宜的pHEvaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测Evaluat
13、ion only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测(1)分析图A、B可知，在最适宜的温度和pH条件下，酶的活性最高。温度和pH偏高或偏低，酶活性都会明显降低
14、。(2)过酸、过碱、高温都会使酶的空间结构遭到破坏，使酶失去活性；而低温只是使酶的活性降低，酶的分子结构未遭到破坏，温度升高可恢复其活性。(3)反应溶液中pH的变化不影响酶作用的最适温度，如图C所示。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyr
15、ight 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随
16、堂达标检测标检测特别提醒 温度、pH是通过影响酶的活性来影响酶促反应速率；而酶浓度、底物浓度均不影响酶的活性，二者是通过影响底物与酶分子接触机会来影响酶促反应速率。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.课课堂互动动探究金榜通关必备备随堂达标检测标检测A曲线a上的B点对应的温度表示该酶的最适温度B人
