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1、Unit 4 Earthquakes 地震. 单词盘单词盘 点根据词词性和汉语汉语 意思写出词汇词汇1. _(vi. ) 爆裂；爆发发(n. )突然破裂；爆发发2. _(n. ) 事件；大事3. _(n. )废废墟；毁灭灭(vt. )毁灭灭；使破产产bursteventruin4. _（adj. ） 极度的5. _(vt. ) 破坏；毁坏；消灭灭6. _(vt. 毁坏；崩溃溃;C(常用复数)废废墟；遗遗迹vt. （使）毁坏；毁灭灭；成为废为废 墟；使破产产（1）lie/be in ruins成为废为废 墟come/go/fall to ruin毁灭灭；灭灭亡；崩溃溃bring. . . to
2、ruin 使毁灭灭；使没落; 使破产产（2）ruin oneself毁掉自己，自取灭灭亡ruin ones health/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途Years of fighting has left the area in ruins. 连连年的战战争已经经使这这个地区成为为一片废废墟。The global economy downturn has brought many small companies to ruin. 全球性的经济经济 不景气已经经使许许多小公司纷纷纷纷 破产产。Much drinking _ _ _ . 过过量饮饮酒毁了他的健康。ruined h
3、is health【辨析】理解下列区别别并选词选词 填空ruin damage destroy 表示“毁灭灭、毁坏”，是指在一定过过程中逐渐对渐对 物体进进行破坏，使其毁灭灭。也可用于抽象意义义。 表示“损损害、损损坏”，通常是指对对物体的部分的损损害，往往暗示损损坏后价值值、效率、功能可能降低，但这这种破坏具有可修复性。damage也可用于指抽象意义义。可用作动词动词 或名词词，作名词时词时 与介词词to搭配，如cause damage to。 表示“毁坏”，通常指彻彻底毁掉或毁灭灭，其功能无法或难难以修复，也可用于损损坏抽象的东东西，如名誉、计计划、契约约等。 Thousands of h
4、ouses were seriously _ by the storm, and the repair work would last half a month. The whole city was completely _ in the sudden flood, leaving nothing to the native people. The constant rain in the north of China this summer has _ cash crops such as cotton and peppers. damageddestroyedruined【助记】3. i
5、njure vt. 损损害；伤伤害；使受伤伤（1）injured adj. 受伤伤的the injured受伤伤的人（集合概念）（2）injury n. 伤伤；伤伤口；伤伤害do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤伤害某人She injured herself while skating. 她在滑冰时时受了伤伤。The driver of the car received serious injuries to the legs and arms. 驾车驾车 者的双腿和双臂严严重受伤伤。A total of 271 people _ _ in Shangha
6、is subway crash. 在上海地铁铁追尾事故中总总共有271人受伤伤。were injured【辨析】理解下列区别别并选词选词 填空injurehurtwound harm 作及物动词时动词时 ，表示“受伤伤”；既可以指肉体上的伤伤害，也可指精神上、情感上的伤伤害；作不及物动词时动词时 ，表示“（身体某个部分）疼痛”。 通常指由武器造成的伤伤害，如刀、枪枪等的伤伤害，尤其是指在战场战场 上造成的伤伤害。 用于表示精神或肉体上的伤伤害均可，有时时也可指引起不安或不便。还还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情。 特指意外事故中造成的伤伤害。 Several soldiers were _
7、 in the attack. Years of overwork has _ his health greatly. What really _ me was that he ignored me on purpose. Luckily he was only slightly _ in the earthquake. woundedharmedhurtinjured4. bury vt. 掩埋；埋葬；使专专心，使沉浸；隐隐藏bury. . . in. . . 把埋到/插到里bury oneself in/be buried in 埋头头于，专专注于He felt lonely after
8、he buried his good friend. 埋葬了好友之后, 他感到很孤独。He walked slowly, his hands buried in his pockets. 他走得很慢，两手插在衣袋里。Ever since he moved there, he _ _ _ _his research work. 自从搬到那里以后，他一直在专专注于研究工作。has been buried in【点津】表示“专专注于某事”的动词动词 短语还语还 有以下几个：be absorbed in, be devoted to, be lost in, focus on, concentrate
9、 on等。 5. at an end 结结束; 终结终结The war was at an end. 战战争结结束了。I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. 我必须须警告你我已经经没有耐心了。【拓展】补补全下列短语语_ the end of 在的尽头头/末尾（指时间时间 或空间间）_ the end of到末为为止（常与完成时态连时态连 用）_ the end最后，终终于（作状语语）_ end连续连续 地，直立地atbyinon6. a (great) number of 许许多；大量的A great number of pe
10、ople were present at the meeting. 很多人出席了会议议。A number of new oilfields _ (have/has) been opened up recently. (选词选词 填空)近来许许多新的油田已被开发发出来。【点津】“a number of +可数名词词的复数形式”作主语时语时 ，谓语动词谓语动词 用复数，意为为“许许多的，大量的”；“the number of +可数名词词的复数形式”作主语时语时 ，谓语动词谓语动词 用单单数，意为为“的数目”。 have【想一想】还还有哪些表示“许许多，若干”的短语语，它们们修饰饰名词词作主语时语
11、时 ，谓语动词谓语动词 如何判断？【拓展延伸】表示“许多，若干”的短语的用法a(great/good/large) number ofa good/great manyquite a few(1)修饰可数名词谓语动词用复数a good/greatdeal ofa large amount ofquite a little(2)修饰不可数名词谓语动词用单数a lot of/lots ofa(large) quantity of(large)quantities ofplenty of(3)修饰可数或不可数名词除(large)quantities of外，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词7.
12、In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 在农农家庭院，鸡鸡甚至是猪都紧张紧张 得不敢吃东东西。句中too. . . to. . . 为为固定句式结结构，意为为：太而不能。其用法还还有：(1)当too. . . to. . . 用来修饰饰表达人的态态度、情绪倾绪倾 向的形容词词如anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等时时，不定式表示肯定意义义。(2)cant/can never. . . too. . . 再怎么也不过过分
13、The boy is too weak to lift the heavy box. 这这男孩太虚弱，举举不起那个重箱子。We are all too willing to take your advice. 我们们都非常乐乐意接受你的建议议。He is not too young to dress himself. 他不是小得连连衣服都不会穿。 You _ _ _ _ while crossing the street. 过马过马 路时时你再怎么小心也不过过分。cant be too careful8. All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭灭了。该该句为为不完全
14、否定句，也可称之为为部分否定句。(1)当not与all，both，complete, each，every, everyone，everything, whole等具有全部意义义的不定代词词或形容词连词连 用时时，无论论not的位置如何，皆表示不完全否定，意为为“并非都”。(2)no，none，no one，neither，nothing，nowhere等表示完全否定。All these books are not popular with people. 这这些书书并非全都受人们们的欢欢迎。None of us was allowed to go there. 我们们全都不让让去那里。Not
15、hing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Great Wall. 我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观长观长 城。Not all my friends smoke. (句型转换转换 )= _ my friends _ smoke. Everyone is not here. (句型转换转换 )= _ _ is here. AlldontNot everyone【真题链接】2010江西，27Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _ like swimming as a means of keeping fit. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything【解析】选C。句意：游泳是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健康的方式，没有什么能比得上游泳了。根据句意可知，空格处需要一个表示完全否定意义的词，所以选用nothing。【想一想】not除了和具有全部意义义的一些不定代词词或形容词词连连用表示部分否定外，还还可以和哪些词连词连 用表示部分否定？【拓展延伸】表示部分否定的其他形式not与always, altogether, completely, everywhere, e
