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1、 前均衡前均衡 CMOS 光电集成接收机光电集成接收机 的理论研究与设计的理论研究与设计 Theoretical Study and Design of Pre-equalized CMOS Optoelectronic Integrated Receiver 天津大学电子信息工程学院 二零零七年五月 摘摘 要要 与混合集成光接收机相比，单片 CMOS 光电集成接收机不仅可以大大降低接收机的成本， 而且最大限度地消除封装和模块间互连所产生的寄生元件及外界环境的电磁干扰和噪声，提高了接收机的性能。但由于标准 CMOS 技术的限制，使得与标准 CMOS 工艺兼容的单片光电集成接收机的实用化应用仍有
2、许多问题尚待解决。 针对通常的跨阻前置放大器结合后均衡器的光接收机的电路结构复杂、 功耗和面积大、插入损耗大等缺点，本文创新地提出了一种解决 CMOS 光电集成接收机灵敏度和速度问题的新方法前均衡， 即在接收放大电路的前端对传输信号进行频率补偿，并提出了相应的前均衡光电集成接收机的系统结构和设计方法。对于前均衡 CMOS 光电集成接收机的各个模块，论文分别进行了理论分析及结构和电路设计： 研究了硅基高速光电探测器的结构， 并采用 MOSIS 0.35m 标准CMOS 工艺实现了一种频率响应带宽达 1.1GHz 的插指型 P+/N 阱/P 型衬底双光电探测器；研究了前均衡器的理论，并设计了三种前
3、均衡器，即并联谐振回路前均衡器、三次阶梯网络前均衡器和高通滤波器前均衡器；研究了高灵敏度跨阻前置放大器的实现方法和电路设计； 研究了高速主放大器和低噪声光接收机的设计方法，并设计了一种高速、低噪声的主放大器电路。 在此基础上，基于 Chartered 0.35m RF CMOS 工艺库，设计了三种前均衡CMOS 光电集成接收机，并进行了电路仿真和对比分析。分析结果表明：集成三次阶梯网络前均衡器的 CMOS 光电集成接收机不仅可获得最大的平坦频率响应和 3dB 带宽（约 2.19GHz） ，而且可获得最大的接收灵敏度（约-15.25dBm） 。最后，对集成三次阶梯网络前均衡器的 CMOS 光电集
4、成接收机进行了结构及参数优化和版图绘制。 本论文的研究成果在于提出了一种新型的高灵敏度跨阻前置放大器结合前均衡器的光接收机系统结构，它为解决 CMOS 光电集成接收机的实用化问题提供了一种新思路。 关键词：关键词： 前均衡 CMOS 光电集成接收机 峰化技术 高灵敏度 高速 ABSTRACT Compared to the hybrid-integrated photo-receiver, the monolithic CMOS optoelectronic integrated receiver not only reduces the cost of receiver greatly, b
5、ut also eliminates the parasitic elements caused by packaging and interlinkage between different modules, and electromagnetic interference and noise of extra environment effectively. However, there are still many application issues to be solved because of the limitations of standard CMOS technology.
6、 Considering the shortcomings of the photo-receiver comprised of transimpedance amplifier and post-equalizer, such as complex circuit structure, big power dissipation, area cost and insertion loss, a novel method for enhancing the sensitivity and speed of receiver called pre-equalization, which comp
7、ensates the transferred signal at the input port of a preamplifier, is put forward. And the corresponding system structure, theory and design method of pre-equalized CMOS optoelectronic integrated receiver are also presented detailedly, including implementation of high-speed CMOS photo-detector, the
8、ory study and circuit design of pre-equalizer and high-sensitivity transimpedance amplifier, and design methods of high-speed limiting amplifier and low-noise photo-receiver. Based on 0.35m RFCMOS technology, three types of pre-equalized receiver are designed by parallel resonant loop pre-equalizer,
9、 third-order ladder network pre-equalizer and high-pass filter pre-equalizer, respectively, where a fingered P+/ N-well/P-substrate dual-photodiode implemented in MOSIS 0.35m standard CMOS Process is applied with a 40m 40m area, a 1.1GHz 3dB bandwidth and a 0.95pF junction capacitance. The simulatio
10、n results demonstrate that a maximal flat frequency response and a maximal sensitivity can be achieved by inserting a third-order ladder network pre-equalizer to a receiver, which approach 2.19GHz and -15.25dBm respectively. Finally, the receivers layout is drawn. The achievement of the paper is tha
11、t it offers a novel idea to solve the application issues of CMOS optoelectronic integrated receiver. KEY WORDS：Pre-equalization, CMOS, Optoelectronic Integrated Receiver, Peaking Technique, High-sensitivity, High-speed 目 录 第一章 绪论.1 1.1 光纤通信网络与光接收机.1 1.2 单片CMOS光电集成接收机的国内外研究现状 .2 1.3 前均衡CMOS光接收机.3 1.4 本论文的研究内容 .4 第二章 前均衡CMOS光电集成接收机的概念与理论基础 .5 2.1 光接收机系统的一些基本概念与特性.5 2.1.1 数据格式与编码 .5 2.1.2 光接收机系统的噪声特性.7 2.1.3 性能参数 .8 2.1.4 带宽限制对随机数据传输的影响.11 2.2 前均衡CMOS光电集成接收机的概念.13 2.2.1 前均衡的概念 .13 2.2.2 前均衡CMOS光电集成接收机.14 2.3 硅基高速光电探测器 .15 2.3.1 PIN光电探测器.16 2.3.2
