名词性从句翻译

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1、EST TranslationUnit 12 名词性从句的翻译从句的类型lEnglish subordinate clauses are classified into six groups:subject clause(主语从句) object clause(宾语从句)predicative clause(表语从句)appositive clause(同位语从句)attributive clause(定语从句)adverbial clause(状语从句)名词性从句Translation of Nominal Clause(名词性从 句)lSince the first four of the

2、m( subject clause, object clause, predicative clause, appositive clause ) function as nouns in a complex sentence, they are generally called nominal clauses.l从句在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或是同 位语。EX1: What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. EX2:When we will begin to work has not been decided

3、yet. EX3: Where you stumble becomes your opportunity to make corrections, to learn and grow. EX4: Whoever comes to our public reference library will be welcome. (许建平,2008V2:134)译文:译文: EX1:EX1: 过去认为不可能的事现在已经成为现实。 EX2: 什么时候开始工作还没决定呢。 EX3: 跌倒的地方就是你改正错误、吸取教训、迅速 成长的地方。 EX4: 谁到我们公共参考图书馆来都欢迎。1. 主语从句EX5: It

4、 is frequently the case that his car breaks down on the highway. EX6: It is frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are “programmed” to do so. (许建平,2008V2:134) EX7: It doesnt make much diffeence whether he attends the meeting or not. (同上) EX8: It worried her much that her dau

5、ghter should stay up so late.译文:译文: EX5EX5:他的车在路上抛锚,这是常有的事儿。 EX6: EX6: 人们常说,电脑之所以能解决问题,知识只是人们常说,电脑之所以能解决问题,知识只是 因为它们给输入了解决问题的因为它们给输入了解决问题的“程序程序”。 EX7:EX7: 他参不参加会议都没多大关系。 EX8:EX8: 她很担忧,她女儿竟然很晚都不睡觉。 1. 主语从句EX1: I told him that I had to turn him down. EX2: Scientists are afraid that one day an even big

6、ger earthquake will hit the area around San Francisco. (许建平,2008V2:135) EX3: He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal. EX4: To most people it is not easy to explain why Einsteins theory eventually shook the whole scientific and intellectual world.译文:译文:EX1: EX1: 我告诉他我告诉他我不得不拒绝他我不得不拒绝他

7、。EX2: EX2: 科学家担心科学家担心有朝一日旧金山周围地区还会发有朝一日旧金山周围地区还会发 生更大的地震生更大的地震。EX3: EX3: 他已经通知我他已经通知我他们将在什么时候谈论我的建他们将在什么时候谈论我的建 议议。EX4: EX4: 为什么爱因斯坦的学说最后震撼了整个科学为什么爱因斯坦的学说最后震撼了整个科学 界和思想界界和思想界,这对大多数人是难以解释清楚的。,这对大多数人是难以解释清楚的。2. 宾语从句EX 5: I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 oclock in t

8、he morning. EX 6: I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it. EX 7: I think it quite true that he ventured out to Shangri-la. EX 8: What they were asked to do in 10 days, they finished in two.译文:译文: EX 5: EX 5: 我向他们讲清楚了的,我向他们讲清楚了的,他们必须在上午十时前他们必须在上午十时前 交卷交卷。 EX 6: EX 6: 我让你自己判断,我让你自己判断,

9、这件事该不该做这件事该不该做。 EX 7: EX 7: 他又冒险去香格里拉了他又冒险去香格里拉了,我觉得这件事千真万,我觉得这件事千真万 确。确。 EX 8: EX 8: 让他们十天做的事让他们十天做的事,他们两天就做完了。,他们两天就做完了。2. 宾语从句EX1: This is where the shoe pinches. (许建平, 2008V2:135) EX2: What he emphasized again and again was that no matter how difficult it might be, they should never retreat even

10、 for an inch. EX3: The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people. EX4: Raw material is what we are badly in need of.译文:译文: EX1: EX1: 这就是这就是问题的症结所在问题的症结所在。(许建平,。(许建平,2008V22008V2: 135135) EX2: EX2: 他再三强调的就是,他再三强调的就是,不管多困难,决不后退半不管多困难,决不后退半 步步。 EX3: EX3: 问题是问题是我们能否赢得大多数人民群众的支持我们能否赢

11、得大多数人民群众的支持。 EX4: EX4: 我们急需的我们急需的是原料。是原料。 3. 表语从句EX5: This is what he is eager to do. EX6:Things are not always as they seem to be. (许 建平,2008V2:135) EX7: That is why we decided to put the discussion off EX8 : Their advantage is that they can provide the necessary hardness with simple heat treatment

12、s and retain that hardness at higher operating temperatures. 。(材料科学与工程丛书,哈尔滨 工业大学出版社,2001:7)译文:译文: EX5:EX5: 这就是这就是他所渴望做他所渴望做的的。 EX6EX6:事务并不:事务并不总是如其表象总是如其表象。 (许建平,(许建平,2008V22008V2: 135135) EX7: EX7: 这就是这就是我们坚决推迟讨论我们坚决推迟讨论的原因的原因。/ /我们推迟讨我们推迟讨 论论的原因就在于此。的原因就在于此。 EX8: EX8: 它们的优点是通过简单的热处理能够提供必要它们的优点是通过

13、简单的热处理能够提供必要 的硬度,并且在高温下保持此硬度。(材料科学与工的硬度,并且在高温下保持此硬度。(材料科学与工 程丛书,哈尔滨工业大学出版社,程丛书,哈尔滨工业大学出版社,20012001:7 7)3. 表语从句同位语:两个指同一事物的句子成分在同等位置,一个 句子成分可被用来解释和说明另一句子成分,同位语通 常由名词或代词担任。 同位语从句的形式与定语从句相似。二者之前都有先行 词,但同位语从句与先行词同位或等同,定语从句则与 先行词是修饰关系。 同位语从句的先行词多为:belief,fact,hope,idea, doubt,news,rumor,conclusion,eviden

14、ce,suggestion ,problem,order,answer,decision,discovery, explanation,information,knowledge,law,opinion, truth,promise,report,thought,statement,rule, possibility4. 同位语从句EX1: We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. EX2: There is possibility that he is a spy. 译文:译文: EX1EX1:我们不是在

15、调查:我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题他是否可以信任的问题。 EX2EX2:有可能:有可能他是一个间谍他是一个间谍。4A 保持原文的语序EX3: He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again. (许建平,2008V2:135) EX4: The rumor that prices were going to rise led to a rush on the shops.译文:译文: EX3EX3: 他表示期望他表示期望能再来中国访问能再来中国访问。(许建平,。(许建平, 2008V22008V2:135

16、135) EX4EX4: 物价即将上涨的谣言引发了商品的抢购风。物价即将上涨的谣言引发了商品的抢购风。4A 保持原文的语序EX5: Then came the question where we could stay for night. EX6: This thought came to him that maybe he had left his keys in the bedroom. EX7:He gave the order that all the prisoners be set free.译文:译文: EX5:EX5: 接下来就是我们在哪里过夜的问题。 接下来就是我们在哪里过夜的问题。 EX6:EX6: 他突然想起他可能把钥匙遗忘在卧室里了。 他突然想起他可能把钥匙遗忘在卧室里了。 EX7: EX7: 他命令释放所有的犯人。他命令释放所有的犯人。4B 译为类似定语的结构或独成一句E

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