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1、阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧之：主旨大意型 1一、题型特点主旨大意类题型主要测试学生对文 章全面理解和概括的能力，提问的 内容可能是全文的大意，也可能是 某段的段落大意。一般不易在文中 直接找到答案。 2二、题干表现形式 ： 1). 主题型主旨大意题的题干表现形式: The main idea of the passage is The passage is mainly about The passage is mainly discusses Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passa
2、ge? What is the passage mainly about? 2). 目的类主旨大意题 The authors main purpose in writing the passage is to The passage is meant to . The purpose of this article is to 3). 标题类主旨大意题 The best title for the passage might be The best title for the passage would be 3三、应试技巧1、确定主题句；2、文章“着墨”最多的点 即文章的主旨意。Return
3、4三、应试技巧：如何寻找主题 句 一、主题句的特点 主题句所表达的意思具有概括 性 句子结构简单明了, 作者一般不 会采用长句或结构复杂的句子 作为文章的主题句 文章或段落的其他句子都是对 主题句的进一步解释,说明,论证 或扩展. 5应试技巧 如何寻找主题 句 Passage 1The panda is a popular animal. Stories about the panda in the Washington Zoo are always front page news and important features on television newscasts. Stuffed
4、pandas are among the most popular toys for children, and panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops. ）文首）文首开门见山 开门见山, ,提出主题提出主题, ,随之用细节来解释随之用细节来解释, , 支撑或发支撑或发 展主题句所表达的主题思想展主题句所表达的主题思想. . 最常见的演绎法写作最常见的演绎法写作 方式方式. .6Passage 2Today the problem of environment has become more and more serious
5、. The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on earth will not survive.Man has made great pro
6、gress in environment protection. Governments of many countries have established laws to protect the forests and sea resources and waste water and poisonous gases have been also dealt with.Still more measures should be taken to solve the problems. People should be further educated to realize the impo
7、rtance of the problem, to use modern methods of birth control and learn to recycle our natural resources. We are sure that we shall have a better and cleaned planet in the future.7 Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes, “ It was seeing people with snakes bites that led me to th
8、e career. “ she said “ The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes. Shu said.2). 首尾呼应 为突出主题, 作者先提出主题, 结尾时再次点 出主题, 这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见. 通常, 前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复, 后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意 味8 A human body appears to be rather soft and delicate, compared with
9、that of a wild animal, but it is actually surprisingly strong. In deed, its very softness and looseness is an advantage; it makes man good at moving about movement of all living things of his own size, because he can do so many different things with his limbs. Mans games show how he can control his
10、own body. No other land creature can swim as skillfully as man; more has such varied grace; very few lives as long as he; none is so strong in its natural resistance to disease. Therefore man has a great advantage in his battle against the risks of damage and death that threaten him. 3). 文尾 在表述细节后,
11、归纳要点, 印象, 结论建议或结 果, 以概括主题. 这是英语中最常见的归纳法写 作方式 9Example 3Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a
12、 closet is easy with a flashlight in hand . A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.(3)在短文中间 主题句也可以安排在段中间, 此时前面只提出 问题，文中的主题由其后陈述的细节或合乎逻 辑的引申在文中导出, 然后再作进一步的解释 , 支持或发展._105). 无主题句 即主题句隐含在全文中, 没有明确的 主题句. 必须根据文篇中所提供的事 实细节，进行全面考虑，综合分析， 然后找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概 念。必须注意的是，既不能以偏概全 ，也不能在概
13、括时过于宽泛，要恰如 其分。 11 Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corp
14、oration lawyer in Miami, Florida.Q: What is the main idea of the passage? A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer. B. Bingham is a diligent student. C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education. D. A good lawyer needs good education. C126). 注意标志 词 文章或段落的主题句常常会出现在一些标 志性的提示后. On the whole, in short
15、, all in all ,therefore I agree with the opinion that Given all these points above, I would support the idea that For all the reasons mentioned above, I would prefer “for example” “first” “second”等之前的句子 中或者 “” “above all” 等之后的句子后。13应试技巧三、选项分析正确选项的特点含有抽象名词和概括性词语. 四个选项中, 含有 approach, concept, chance, opportunity, various, both, general, many, difficult, way, necessity, necessary, importance 等 词的选项一般是正确选项.四个选项中,
