《自然科学类托福阅读之Desert Animals-智课教育旗下智课教育》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《自然科学类托福阅读之Desert Animals-智课教育旗下智课教育（6页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、智 课 网 托 福 备 考 资 料自然科学类托福阅读之DesertAnimals-智课教育旗下智课教育自然学科是托福阅读文章题材中比较常见的类型，本文和大家分享 的是自然科学类文章汇总系列的内容，供考生参考使用，希望考生能够 认真备考，预祝考生能够考出好成绩。 自然学科是托福阅读文章题材中比较常见的类型，本系列为大家汇 总整理了多篇托福阅读自然科学类文章，大家在托福备考时可以有针对 性的进行复习，本篇为大家带来的是Desert Animals，并附有相应的练习，希望大家都能顺利拿下托福阅读高分。 Desert Animals Keywords:Desert mammals, body temp
2、erature, an excessive buildup of heat, camel, Desert-adapted mammalsLarge animals that inhabit the desert have evolved a number of adaptations for reducing the effects of extreme heat. One adaptation is to be light in color, and to reflect rather than absorb the Suns rays. Desert mammals also depart
3、 from the normale mammalian practice of maintaining a constant body temperature. Instead of trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the body, which would involve the expenditure of water and energy, desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever height,
4、and temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius have been measured in Grants gazelles. The overheated body then cools down during the cold desert night, and indeed the temperature may fall unusually low by dawn, as low as 34 degrees Celsius in the camel. This is an advantage since the heat of the fir
5、st few hours of daylight is absorbed in warming up the body, and an excessive buildup of heat does not begin until well into the day. Another strategy of large desert animals is to tolerate the loss of body water to a point that would be fatal for nonadapted animals. The camel can lose up to 30 perc
6、ent of its body weightas water without harm to itself, whereas human beings die after losing only 12 to 13 percent of their body weight. An equally important adaptation is the ability to replenish this water loss at one drink. Desert animals can drink prodigious volumes in a short time, and camels h
7、ave been known to imbibe over 100 liters in a few minutes. A very dehydrated person, on the other hand, cannot drink enough water to dehydrate at one session, because the human stomach is not sufficiently big and because a too rapid dilution of the body fluids causes death from water intoxication. T
8、he tolerance of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not have to remain near a water hole but can obtain food from grazing sparse and far-flung pastures. Desert-adapted mammals have the further ability to feed normally when extremely dehydrated: it is a common experience i
9、n people that appetite is lost even under conditions of moderate thirst. 1. What is the main topic of the passage ? (A) Weather variations in the desert (B) Adaptations of desert animals (C) Diseases of desert animals(D) Human use of desert animals 2. According to the passage, why is light coloring
10、an advantage to large desert animals? (A) It helps them hide from predators. (B) It does not absorb sunlight as much as dark colors. (C) It helps them see their young at night. (D) It keeps them cool at night. 3. The word “maintaining“ in line 4 is closest in meaning to (A) measuring (B) inheriting
11、(C) preserving (D) delaying4. The author uses Grants gazelle as an example of (A) an animal with a low average temperature (B) an animal that is not as well adapted as the camel (C) a desert animal that can withstand high body temperatures (D) a desert animal with a constant body temperature 5. When
12、 is the internal temperature of a large desert mammal lowest? (A) Just before sunrise (B) In the middle of the day (C) Just after sunset (D) Just after drinking 6. The word “tolerate“ in line 13 is closest in meaning to (A) endure (B) replace (C) compensate (D) reduce 7. What causes water intoxicati
13、on? (A) Drinking too much water very quickly (B) Drinking polluted water(C) Bacteria in water (D) Lack of water 8. What does the author imply about desert-adapted mammals? (A) They do not need to eat much food. (B) The can eat large quantities quickly. (C) They easily lose their appetites. (D) They
14、can travel long distances looking for food. 9. Why does the author mention humans in the second paragraph? (A) To show how they use camels (B) To contrast them to desert mammals(C) To give instructions about desert survival (D) To show how they have adapted to desert life 10. The word “obtain“ in li
15、ne 23 is closest in meaning to (A) digest (B) carry (C) save (D) get 11. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an adaptation of large desert animals? (A) Variation in body temperatures (B) Eating while dehydrated (C) Drinking water quickly (D) Being active at night 参考答案：BBCCB AABBD D 以上就是为大家整理的托福阅读自然科学类文章之Desert Animals ，希望能够帮助大家备考。智课教育祝大家都能取得理想的考试成绩。
