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1、 1.什么是国际音标？由于英语的拼写形式和读音有很大的 分歧, 所以无法完全根据字母来读音。为了精确地学习和掌握语音, 就要借 助一种注音手段来弥补这一缺陷, 于是便 产生了一定数量的精确记录语音的符号 ，叫做“音符”(Phonetic symbols)。国际音标（旧称万国音符）是国际 语音学协会（IPA - International Phonetic Association) 于1888年拟定的一 套为各国语言注音的语音符号。我们这里所 说的国际音标是专门为英语注音的那一部分 标音符号。目前我国通用的国际音标共有48 个, 其中, 元音音标20个，辅音音标28个。英语元音 (English
2、 vowels) 英语元音音素共 20个。分单元音 和双元音两大类 。a. 前元音：/ i: /, / i /, / e /, / / b. 后元音：/ :/, / /, / :/, / u /, / u: /, / c. 中元音： / : /, / /a. 合口双元音：/ ei /, / u /, / ai /, / au /, / i/b. 集中双元音：/ i /, / /, / u /单元音的分类双元音的分类a.爆破音 / p /, / b /, / t, / d /, / k /, / / b.摩擦音 / f /，/ v /，/，/ /，/ s /，/ z / , / /，/ /，/
3、h /, / r / c.破擦音 / t/，/d /，/tr/， /dr/，/ts/，/dz/ d.鼻音 /m/ , /n/, / e.旁流音（舌侧音） / l / f.半元音 / w /, / j /英语辅音 (English consonants) (共28个 ）前元音前元音 /i:/ /i:/ feelfeel heat heat 热热 leap leap 跳跳 / / / / badbad landland DadDad mapmap hathat /i/ /i/ fillfill hithit lip lip 嘴唇嘴唇 /e/e/ bedbed lendlend deaddead m
4、etmet headhead前元音练习前元音练习bee billbee billdeep digdeep digtask testtask testGive me a beefsteak, peas ,and beer, please.Give me a beefsteak, peas ,and beer, please. Catch that mad black cat Better late than never.(迟做总比不做好) Better to do well than to say well .(口说不如实干)A friend in need is a friend indeed
5、A friend in need is a friend indeed（患难之交才是真（患难之交才是真 朋友）朋友）后元音后元音 / :/ :/ allall fallfall hallhall /u:/u:/ goose goose 鹅鹅 foodfood loose loose 松的松的 / :/ :/ calmcalm / / / / bossboss foxfox hot hot /u/u/ goodgood footfoot looklook / comecome A large army marched past the farmyardA large army marched p
6、ast the farmyard ItIt s hard to see any stars in the dark skys hard to see any stars in the dark sky The clock is stopped , itThe clock is stopped , it s not longs not long Lost time is never found againLost time is never found again Who said the soup was too cool? Who said the soup was too cool? As
7、 a rule , the skies are blue in June As a rule , the skies are blue in June He looks like a good cookHe looks like a good cook I took my book and looked at it as long as I took my book and looked at it as long as I couldI could中元音中元音/ / : / /: / / / / earthearth searchsearch birdbird churchchurch an
8、otheranother orderorder methodmethod doctordoctorMy younger brother is a doctor Give me some butter and sugar We will have a get-together after supper双元音双元音/ei/ /e/ /ei/ /e/ ageage latelate painpain failfail edgeedge letlet penpen fillfill双元音双元音/ai/ /ai/ /i/i/ bikebike minemine heightheight boy boy
9、coincoin noisenoise voicevoice双元音双元音 / / u/ /au/u/ /au/ coalcoal posepose loan loan 贷款贷款 bowl bowl 碗碗 doubtdoubt foundfound nounnoun爆破辅音爆破辅音 /p/p/ peapea /t/t/ teartear /k/k/ classclass /b/b/ beebee /d/d/ deardear /g/g/ glassglassGood, better, best， 循序渐进 Never let it rest， 永不停止 Until good is better,
10、 好上加好 And better best ， 精益求精摩擦辅音摩擦辅音 /f/ /v/f/ /v/ fastfast fewfew leafleaf proofproof safesafe surfsurf vast vast 巨大的巨大的 viewview leaveleave proveprove savesave serveserveHe works hard as if he never knew fatigue.It is very difficult for us to finish it before five.摩擦辅音摩擦辅音/s/ /z/s/ /z/ busbus icei
11、ce looseloose racerace usedused buzz buzz 蜂音蜂音 eyeseyes loselose raiseraise usedused摩擦辅音摩擦辅音 / / / / / / / / thankthank themetheme thickthick bathbath breathbreath clothcloth thanthan thesethese thisthis bathebathe breathebreathe clotheclothe/ / / /s/ / /s/ thinthin thingthing faithfaith mouthmouth
12、/ / / / breathebreathe clotheclothe seethe seethe 沸腾沸腾 sinsin singsing faceface mousemouse /z/z/ breeze breeze 微风微风 closeclose seizeseize/ / / /t/ / /t/ thankthank thoughtthought / / / / therethere theythey thosethose / / / / threethree tanktank taughttaught /d/d/ daredare dayday doze doze 打瞌睡打瞌睡 /f
13、/f/ freefree A thousand thanks.A thousand thanks. Cathy has three brothers.Cathy has three brothers. Mr. Smith talked about this, that and the Mr. Smith talked about this, that and the other.other. There is something.There is something. They have been there for more than three They have been there for more than three months.months.摩擦辅音摩擦辅音/ / / / / / / / cashcash fishfish shipship shoeshoe leisure leisure 闲暇闲暇 measure measure 测量测量 pl
