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1、第五章第五章 切削用量及刀具几何角切削用量及刀具几何角 度的选择度的选择教学要求教学要求掌握刀具结构的作用及各角度选取原则掌握切削用量的选取原则Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Lt
2、d.切削变形切削力切削温度刀具磨损刀具耐用度生产率工件成本切削用量刀具几何参数Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.u刀具合理几何参数的选择刀具几何参数包括：刀面形式、刀具角度、
3、切削刃形状等。刀具合理的几何参数，是指在保证加工质量的前提下，能够获得最高刀具耐用度， 从而达到提高切削效率或降低生产成本目的 的几何参数。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.
4、u1.正前角平面型 优点：形状简单、易制造、锋利； 缺点：刃口强度差，不易断屑。前刀面的型式及选择前刀面的型式及选择5.1 5.1 前刀面及前角的选择前刀面及前角的选择使用场合： 钢材精加工； 低硬度材料加工； 刃形复杂的刀具。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose
5、 Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.u2.正前角曲面型 优点：刃口强度大、利于卷屑。 缺点：刃磨比平面型前角困难。使用场合： 单刃刀具； 需要改善卷屑的加工场合。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Lt
6、d.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.u3.负前角单面型 优点：刃口强度高。 缺点：刃口钝，对切削层的挤压严重。使用场合： 主要用于硬质合金车刀和铣刀； 切削高强度、高硬度材料和切削淬火钢； 当磨损主要发生在后刀面时。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 200
7、4-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.u4.正前角正倒棱 使用场合：适用于高速钢刀具 正倒棱尺寸参数：Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2
8、011 Aspose Pty Ltd.u5.正前角负倒棱 优点：可提高刃口强度；增大了散热面积；提高了刀具耐用度。 缺点：刃口较钝。适用场合：适用于硬质合金刀具切削厚度较大的 粗加工。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 200
9、4-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.u6.负前角双面型优点：减少了前刀面的刃磨面积；刀具的寿命延长。适用场合：用于磨损同时发生在前刀面和后刀面的场合。负前角平面型Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011
10、Aspose Pty Ltd.u7.波形前刀面主切削刃为波浪形，可改变切屑的形状 ，改善切削过程。主切 削刃散热好，粗加工时用。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.u1.前角的
11、作用 影响切削区的变形程度；增加前角可减小切削层的塑性变形，从而减小切削 力、切削热和切削功率。 影响刀具耐用度；增大前角，可减小切削力、切削热和切削功率， 提高刀具耐用度；前角过大则刀头强度降低，散热条件差，从而使 刀具耐用度降低。 影响加工表面质量；增加前角可减小塑性变形，从而减少工件表面的 加工硬化，并抑制积屑瘤与鳞刺的产生；增加前角可减小切削中的振动，提高加工质量。前角的作用及选择前角的作用及选择Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.
12、Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyri
13、ght 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.工件材料强度越大，硬度越高，应取越小的前 角，甚至可取负值。加工塑性材料时，为减小切屑变形和刀具磨损 ，应选择较大的前角；加工脆性材料时，为保证刀尖的强度，前角应 小一些。 u2.前角的选择原则根据工件材料选择前角Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .N
14、ET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.图3-2 加工材料不同时的合理前角 ro塑ro脆 ，ro低 强度钢ro高强度 钢Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.
15、 Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.（前角大，刀头受弯曲应力；前角小，刀尖受压） 高速钢刀具抗拉强度和抗压强度接近，可采用较 大的前角； 硬质合金刀具抗拉强度比抗压强度小很多，应采 用较小的前角。根据刀具材料选取前角Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Cli
16、ent Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.根据加工条件选取前角。塑性材料粗加工时，为保证刀具有足够的强度 和散热面积，应减小前角； 精加工时，为保证加工质量，前角应取大一些。粗加工，特别是断续切削，应适当减小前角。当系统的刚性较差时，为减小切削力和振动，前 角应取大一些。自动机床，一般选较小的前角。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Evalu
