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1、IQT500-7 球墨铸铁熔炼工艺设计球墨铸铁熔炼工艺设计摘摘 要要合金熔炼是铸造生产中的重要环节。当前，铸造生产中的废品约有 50% 与熔炼有关， 熔炼铁液的成本约占铸件成本的 25%30% ，合金熔炼对铸件质量和成本有着很大的影响。我们应该针对不同的铸件材质及技术要求选择不同的熔炼方法。本设计题目为 QT500-7 球墨铸铁熔炼工艺设计，体现了球墨铸铁熔炼的设计要求、内容及方向，有一定的设计意义。通过对该牌号球墨铸铁的设计，进一步加强了设计者熔炼工艺设计的基础知识，为设计其它牌号铸铁的熔炼做好了铺垫和吸取了更深刻的经验。本设计运用铸造合金熔炼的基础知识，首先分析了 QT500-7 球墨铸铁
2、的成分及性能要求，为选取熔炼设备及炉料做好了准备；然后选取熔炼设备，计算炉料的比例用量；最后设定球化、孕育方法，确定浇注温度参数，进行质量检测及分析。本设计着重点在于使用冲天炉-感应电炉双联熔炼球墨铸铁。由冲天炉熔化铁液并进行化学成分含量的初步确定；在感应电炉中高温精炼，调整铁液的化学成分至规定的范围；进一步清除非金属夹杂物和降低气体含量；提高铁液温度至符合出炉球化要求；最终球化及孕育处理，出炉检测。关键词：球墨铸铁 双联熔炼 球化处理 孕育处理IIQT500-7 Ductile Iron Smelting Process DesignAbstractAlloy melting is an i
3、mportant part in casting production. At present， about 50% of the waste in the foundry production is related to the smelting. The cost of the molten iron is about 25% - 30% of the cost of the casting. We should choose different smelting methods for different casting materials and technical requireme
4、nts.This design topic is QT500-7 nodular cast iron smelting process design， reflects the design requirements， content and direction of ductile iron smelting， there is a certain design significance. Through the design of this type of ductile iron， further strengthen the designers of the basic knowled
5、ge of smelting process design for the design of other grades of cast iron to pave the way and draw a more profound experience.The design and use of casting alloy melting of basic knowledge， the first analysis of the QT500-7 nodular cast iron composition and performance requirements for the selection
6、 of smelting equipment and charge ready； then select smelting equipment， calculation burden ratio； finally set the ball， inoculation method， to determine the parameters of casting temperature， quality detection and analysis.This design is focused on the use of cupola induction furnace duplex melting
7、 of nodular cast iron. By cupola melting iron liquid and preliminary identification of chemical components； in the induction furnace high temperature refining， adjustment of the liquid metal chemical composition to the specified range； further clear non metallic inclusions and reduce the gas content
8、； improve the temperature of molten metal to meet released the ball of the requirements； and eventually the ball and inoculation treatment， detection of released.Key words: Ductile iron， Tecastiron， Spheroidize， Inoculation treatmentIII目目 录录摘摘 要要 .IAbstract.II1 绪绪 论论.11.1 球墨铸铁的出现.11.2 国内外球墨铸铁的发展.11.
9、3 球墨铸铁的应用.21.4 熔炼工艺及发展.31.5 课题来源及意义.42 熔炼工艺方案的确定熔炼工艺方案的确定.52.1 熔炼技术要求及分析.52.1.1 技术要求.52.1.2 材料性能及分析.52.2 工艺方案.63 冲天炉熔炼工艺设计冲天炉熔炼工艺设计.83.1 冲天炉熔炼特性及原理.83.1.1 冲天炉熔炼概述.83.1.2 冲天炉熔炼的技术要求.83.1.3 冲天炉的燃烧过程原理.103.2 炉料的计算.133.2.1 球墨铸铁原铁液的配比要求.133.2.2QT500-7 原始资料的确定.133.2.3 确定元素增减率及增减后成分.143.2.4 确定配料比并校核.143.2.5 炉料计算.153.3 熔炼工艺及参数.163.3.1 装炉.163.3.2 炉前控制.
