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1、1電子圖書館技術與服務概論柯皓仁(clavenlib.nctu.edu.tw) 交通大學圖書館副教授兼數位圖書資訊組組長2Outline 電子圖書館的定義 電子圖書館技術與服務相關議題3電子圖書館的定義4What is A Digital Library ? http:/www.csdl.tamu.edu/DL94/paper/fox.html A digital library is an assemblage of digital computing, storage and communication machinery together with the content and sof
2、tware needed to reproduce, emulate and extend the services provided by conventional libraries based on paper and other material means of collecting, cataloguing, finding and disseminating information. A full service digital library must accomplish all the essential services of traditional libraries
3、and also exploit the well-know advantages of digital storage, search and communication.5What is A Digital Library? (Cont.) Computerization of traditional libraries Carrying out of the functions of libraries in a new way New types of information resources New approaches to acquisition New methods of
4、storage and preservation New approaches to classification and catalog New modes of interaction with patrons More reliance on electronic systems and networks Dramatic shifts in intellectual, organizational, and economic practices Electronic Library, Virtual Library, Library without Walls.6What is A D
5、igital Library? (Cont.) Donald,J. Waters Digital libraries are organizations that provide the resources, including the specialized staff, to select, structure, offer intellectual access to, interpret, distribute, preserve the integrity of, and ensure the persistence over time of collections of digit
6、al works so that they are readily and economically available for use by a defined community or set of communities.7What is A Digital Library? (Cont.) 圖書館: 以科學方法採訪、整理、保存印刷與非印刷 資料，並據以提供讀者服務 收藏與保存 組織和呈現 存取與檢索 分析、綜合與傳播 電子圖書館嘗試運用電腦與網路科技，協助館員完成 上述工作8e-Library的元素 電子圖書館是結合電子化資料、檔案、典藏、資訊、 知識、服務以及作業的集合體 e-Lib
7、rary = Electronic Data/File/Archive/ Information/Knowledge + Automated/Electronic Service + Automated/Electronic Operation 包含電子與非電子館藏 強調運用電腦和網路技術於圖書館業務和服務9Major Characteristics (I)Users are usually elsewhere than the information they want, and often wish to correlate things from several sources User
8、s span the publishing/end-use spectrum, from authors and publishers to traditional library functions to end-seekers of information For the foreseeable future a large percentage of important materials will be in the non-digital form and DL needs to integrate meta-information about these as a major as
9、pect of its services, rather than concentrating only on fully online materials DL should support a wide range of service model for security, authentication, intellectual property control, billing and payment, etc. Whoever wants to use a library must show permission to do so Different patrons are per
10、mitted different actions and to see different parts of each collection10Major Characteristics (II) DL infrastructure focus on facilitating the provision, dissemination and use of information by institutions and groups; materials in DL will be in a variety of media forms, including text, image, audio
11、, video, 3D models A significant part of the information in DL is the meta- information about items, such as annotation, catalogues, indexes, etc. The catalog may describe items not actually held as part of the collection at hand The catalog and the collected items are used differently and not neces
12、sarily housed in the same place11Major Characteristics (III) In the long term, DL will be based on platforms that are standard in the commercial world A key issue in the overall design is a concern with compatibility and interoperation with other standards and integrative systems Universal access to
13、 digital libraries and information services is a goal The linkages between the many digital libraries and information services are transparent to the end users; Digital library collections are not limited to document surrogates: they extend to digital artifacts that cannot be represented or distribu
14、ted in printed formats12電子圖書館技術與服務相關議題13Related Issues Development Methodology and Design Issues Resource Discovery: Metadata Information Organization: Classification and Indexing Information Retrieval User Interfaces Access and File Management Legal Issues Standards Value-added Services14Informatio
15、n AccessLocal FileGroup FileOnline DBAccess ManagementInteractive Access (Query)Information WorkspaceHeterogeneous Sources15DL Design Space Dimensions ContentTechnologyCommunityServices16Development Methodology and Design Issues A DL system consists of a number of servers that spread over Internet a
16、nd interact with each other Core DL components Repository: deposit, store, and access digital objects (DO) Index service: discover DO Collection service: aggregate sets of DO and services into meaningful collection User interface service: human gateway System architecture open architecture for interoperation17Core DL ComponentsValue-adde
