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1、论马克思的民生思想 2论 文 摘 要 “民生” 问题是当代中国所面临的一个现实问题， 如何理解这一问题，既是当前社会发展的实践问题，也是一个理论问题。从理论上讲，我们不妨回到马克思那里， 看看马克思是如何思考这一问题的。 这既是重新理解马克思的理论需要，也是我们这个时代发展的要求。本文认为， “民生”问题， 在一定意义上恰好把上述两方面结合起来。 而且，马克思对“民生”问题的深刻思考揭示了许多思想资源， 有助于人们对当代社会发展的诸多问题的理解。 本论文从马克思的民生思想入手， 充分运用历史考察与逻辑分析的统一、 理论论证与事实分析的统一等多种研究方法， 着重考察了马克思民生思想的整个思想脉络
2、， 探讨了马克思民生思想的理论价值和现实价值。 全文共分为两个部分，即引言和正文。 在引言部分， 论文阐述了选题的根据和意义， 清理和总结了马克思民生思想的研究现状、理论成果及不足，说明了研究方法，概括了论文的目的及其创新点。 正文的第一章，论文以“马克思民生思想的生成过程”为论题，从社会背景、 思想来源、理想追求以及马克思民生思想的自身发展逻辑四个方面论述了马克思民生思想的历史演进和内在逻辑，指证了对“现实的人”生活的关注始终是贯穿在马克思全部学说中的一条红线。 本章通过对马克思民生思想的萌芽期、 转折期和成熟期的几个时期的描述， 以马克思的 “文本”依据，凸现了“民生”思想在马克思哲学中的
3、主导地位，勾勒了马克论马克思的民生思想 3思追求人类幸福生活的现实道路和实现力量的历史历程， 从历史与逻辑的统一中，阐发了马克思民生思想这一哲学主题。 正文的第二章，也是全文着墨最多的部分。 论文阐述了马克思民生思想的理论内容，展开了对马克思民生思想的理解和阐发， 通过阐述马克思民生思想的基本内涵、 对资本主义民生殖民化的批判和马克思对共产主义理想民生的确证，指出了马克思的民生思想聚焦于现实的人的现实生活，并把这种生活方式同资本主义的生活现实联系起来， 通过对资本主义社会中虚假民生的批判，对共产主义民生的阐述并指出了实现理想民生的途径，构建了最深刻的关于民生的哲学思想，成为现实生活中的指导理论
4、，充分发挥了马克思哲学 “使现存世界革命化， 实际地反对和改变现存的事物”的批判性、革命性、实践性、务实性、和谐性的特征。阐发了马克思民生思想的理论本质以及其理论的深刻涵义。 正文的第三章，论文集中阐述了马克思的民生思想对当代的价值。 结合马克思的民生思想和其当代使命， 指出马克思民生思想的理论价值以及这一理论在中国的继承与发展； 同时指出了马克思民生思想的另一方面意义是在我国当前建设和谐社会、落实“以人为本”的科学发展观的实践中所起的重要作用。 关键词 ： 民生思想 人的需要 人的自由发展 论马克思的民生思想 4A b s t r a c t The problem of the peopl
5、es livelihood is a realistic one which modern china facing. How to solve this problem is both a theoretical and a practical problem about current social development. Theoretically speaking ,it is the demand for anewing marxs theory as well as the demand for the development of times. The paper thinks
6、 , the problem of “ the peoples livelihood” was combined two aspects together fitly, and Marx profound thinking about the problem of the peoples livelihood revealed many ideological resources which is helpful to people understanding about problems of contemporary social development. This paper start
7、ing from Marx livelihood thought, fully used historical investigation and logic analysis, theoretical demonstration and factual analysis, emphatically investigated the thought veins of Marx the peoples livelihood and discussed theoretical value and practical value. This paper is composed of two part
8、s, which is the introduction part and main body part. On the introduction part, the paper expounded the significance and basis of the subject selection, systematically cleaned and summarized research review 、 theoretical results and deficiency about Marx the peoples livelihood ,illustrating the rese
9、arch methods and summarizing the paper s purpose and its innovation. The chapter I, The Formation of People s Livelihood Thought of Marx, the historical evolution inner logic of people s livelihood thought of Marx were discussed in four aspects, such as social background, thought origin, ideal pursu
10、it and self- development logic of livelihood thought of Marx. The conclusion that people should always pay more attention to Marx theory in reality was made. According to the textual record of Marx, rudimentary stage, transition stage and mature stage of Marx livelihood thought were discussed, and t
11、he leading position of livelihood thought in Marx philosophy was proved. The historical process of Marx pursuing realistic path and realistic power for people s life was describe, and the Marx people s livelihood thought was deeply discussed by historical and logic ways together. The chapter II is t
12、he most important part of the paper. The theoretical content of Marx livelihood thought was introduced and described in detail. 论马克思的民生思想 5Based on the description of basic connotation of Marx livelihood thought, criticism on colonialism of capitalistic livelihood thought and conformation of communi
13、stic ideal livelihood, the conclusion can be made that Marx people s livelihood thought focus on the real life and this life style was related to capitalistic life style closely. The false livelihood in capitalistic society was criticized and livelihood in communistic society was described, then the
14、 way to realize ideal livelihood was introduced. The most profound philosophy about livelihood was constructed and which can be used as theoretical introduction for real life. The theoretical criticism, revolutionary practicality, the nature of realistic, the nature of pragmatic, and social harmony
15、of Marx philosophy were fully output. In chapter III, the modern value of Marx livelihood thought was discussed. Based on the content of Marx livelihood thought and its modern task in real life, we realized that Marx livelihood thought have very important theoretical value and this theory have been
16、greatly inherited and developed. Meanwhile, Marx livelihood thought shall play a very important role in constructing harmonious society and carrying out human- based scientific development view. 【Key Words】: The thought of “ the peoples livelihood ” needs of human being The free development of human being 论马克思的民生思想 7引 言 一、 “民生”问题：在当代中国的崛起 中国共产党人一直强调为人民服务，并把全心全意为人民服务作为党的宗旨，且“重视民生、解决民生”成为建国以后党的重要议题和努力方
