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1、密 级: 学校代码:10075 分类号: 学 号:1104510131 教育硕士学位论文 赣州市初中校长工作压力调查研究 学 位 申 请 人 :张春兰 指 导 教 师: 薛国凤 教授 田 烈 校长 学 位 类 别: 教育硕士 学 科 专 业: 教育管理 授 予 单 位: 河北大学 答 辩 日 期: 二一四年五月 Classified Index: CODE: 10075 U.D.C: NO: 1104510131 A Dissertation for the Degree of Education The working pressure research for school princip
2、al in gan zhou Candidate: Zhang Chunlan Supervisor: Prof. Xue Guofeng Special-grade teacher Tian Lie Academic Degree Applied for: Master of Education Specialty:Education Management University: Hebei University Date of Oral Examination: May, 2014 摘 要 I摘 要 初中教育阶段是普九教育的重要阶段,起着承前启后的作用,而一个好的校长队伍是搞好一所学校的关
3、键。长期以来,我国政府对赣南倾注了深切的关怀,对赣南的教育更是充满了期待。赣南苏区的振兴发展与赣州市教育发展的滞后性之间的矛盾,是本研究的初衷。但赣州市初中校长承受的工作压力,已经成为影响赣州市教育质量的一个重要因素。因此,减轻初中校长不该承受之压力,让他们能够轻松高效地工作,对提高赣州市初中教育质量至关重要。 本文采取整群抽样的方法选取了在赣州市同时举办的2期初中校长培训班的169名初中校长作为被试,主要对初中校长的工作感受及认识、对工作压力因素的归因、人际关系的情况等进行了调查分析,调查同时获取被试的人口统计学变量,主要包括性别、年龄、教育程度、职务、任职时间、学校性质和学校所在地、家庭支
4、持等被试一般情况。得出以下结论: 目前赣州市初中校长的工作压力较大。压力来源主要有教学质量,学校安全,生源素质、师资质量、来自家长方面的压力,办学经费不足,社会压力,上级检查与评估,家庭压力等。赣州市初中校长的工作压力在人口统计学变量上存在显著差异,表现为:男性校长对持续工作的忍受力更差, 女性校长对工作的抗压力比男性校长差; 年龄越大,工作的疲惫感越强, 3645 岁这个年龄段的校长对工作的抗压力更差; 主持校长工作的初中校长相对其他职务的初中校长各方面压力都更大,其次为副校长;三年制初级中学的校长感觉最疲惫,完全中学的校长在抗压能力方面最差;农村中学校长更加明显地感觉到身心疲惫,整天工作压
5、力很大;县城中学的校长,他们的工作疲惫感也较强,不少县城中学的校长提到“工作让我有快要崩溃的感觉” ,比例最高;市区中学的校长“在下班回家后再也不想干其他的事” , “早晨起床一想到面对的一整天工作时,我就感觉非常累”在各组中明显比例更高;任职时间越长,工作疲惫感越强,对工作负荷的承受力上看,任职时间 3-5 年的最差;家庭支持表现为模棱两可的校长工作压力更大;赣州市初中校长的工作压力还与工作要求、 职业前景的满意度、 工作态度、 人际关系的主动性、压力的正确归因等相关。 最后,本研究从内外两个维度提出了给校长减压的四个建议,其中前三个主要是从摘 要 II校长内部自身角度,最后一个主要从外部社
6、会支持系统方面提出,分别是:一、建立合理认知,树立良好心态;二、好学善思,提高工作效率;三、合理调整情绪,轻松缓解压力;四、以人为本,优化环境。 关键词 工作压力 初中校长 赣州市 调查研究 Abstract IIIAbstract Our government has been paying huge attention and even more special care to Gannan area regarding its education. The solution to the contradiction between the development of Gannan So
7、viet Area and the delay of education in Ganzhou city is the preliminary purpose for this essay. Junior compulsory education is an important stage for nine-year compulsory education, which is with the function of connecting the past and future. An excellent school principals team is the key for the s
8、chool management. Decreasing the pressure which is not supposed to be with the leaders and letting them work more effectively and efficiently are of vital importance to the education quality of junior middle schools in Ganzhou. This essay has taken advantage of previous research, taking the training
9、 class students of junior middle school principals as research objects, using the way of cluster sampling. The paper has focused on analyzing experience, acknowledge and controlling emotion of the schools principals. The research also has acquired demographic variables of the objects, which includes
10、 gender differences, ages, educational level, position, family support and so on. At present the junior middle schools headmasters have still been working under great pressure in Ganzhou. The sources of pressure have come from the teaching quality, the security of school, the quality of students and
11、 faculty, family and social stress, shortage of fund, inspection and assessment of higher authorities, etc. There are notable differences in demographic variables of headmasters in Ganzhou junior middle schools, which shows that male principals work less tolerantly, the female principles work less s
12、tressfully, the working tiredness is associated with decay of ages and so forth. The situation analysis of investigating the pressure for the junior middle school principals is not optimistic. There is discrepancy among gender, age, education degree and position. This essay is providing statistic analyses for the research, and aiming at applying suggestion for decreasing the stress. Key words work stress junior middle school principal Ganzhou research aned survey 目 录 IV目 录 第 1 章 绪 论.1 1.1 选题的背景.1 1.2 国内外研究综述.2 1.2.1 国外研究综述.2 1.2.2 国内研究综述.5 1.3 核心概念.11 1.3.1 压力及工作压力.11 1.3.2 初中教育.12 1.3.3 校长.