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1、中南民族大学硕士学位论文高等教育决策咨询体制初探姓名：黄建雄申请学位级别：硕士专业：教育经济与管理指导教师：孟立军20080508中南民族大学硕士学位论文 I摘 要 随着知识经济和信息时代的到来， 人类步入了 “咨询化社会” 。 在咨询时代里，作为专门为决策者提供“知识、经验、信息、技术和智能”支持和服务的咨询活动，已经在发达国家的经济、政府、教育等众多领域得到蓬勃开展，许多国家已经将咨询作为公共部门决策的法定程序，充分发挥决策咨询的作用和威力。 我国高等教育事业发展走过了曲折坎坷之路。从建国初期消灭私立高校、五十年代的院校调整、文革时期的大混乱、近五十年间办学体制和管理体制的摇摆不定，到前段
2、时期超常规大扩张、大合并、大升格，再到当前的高负债，无不体现出我国高等教育发展的运动式风格和陷阱式特点，而这种状况是与决策的准确性不高密切相关。 高等教育决策咨询是高等教育事务决策者从他人那里获得解决问题所需要的知识、经验、信息、技术和智能支持的活动过程，它是“沟通理论、价值和实践之间的桥梁，是联系决策者、权力与民众、科学之间的纽带” ，它比监督更为根本地影响决策的正确性。因此，要避免高等教育发展不断地从一个陷阱跳到另一个陷阱，就必须通过抓好咨询促决策。 高等教育决策咨询之所以具有重大实践意义，我们可以从咨询存在的哲学基础、理论基础、现实基础以及高等教育系统的特性等方面得到解释。高等教育决策咨
3、询从哲学、理论和现实基础获得它应有的地位，而高等教育系统所具有的公益性、复杂性和高深性等特征进一步说明了高教决策有咨询需求的客观理由。 高等教育咨询通过决策环节对高等教育事业的改革发展产生重要影响，是不容质疑的，这种影响力就是高等教育决策“咨询力” ，它体现在方向标、推动力和协调力等三个方面。 法制化是高等教育决策咨询的重大意义得以实现的制度保障。因此，建立完善的高教决策咨询体制是本文思维上的必然逻辑推论，也是本研究的宗旨。本文在比较分析国内外高教决策咨询体制优缺点基础上，提出重构我国高等教育决策咨询体制的“二三三二”模式，即中央、省(市、区)两层级咨询机构，官方、半官方、民间三种咨询机构性质
4、，专门制、混合制、非制度化三种咨询类型，常任制和临时制两种咨询形式相结合，大力培育、扶持和发展非官方高教决策研究咨询机构。根据习惯用法，高等教育管理并不包含高等学校内部管理，所以，本文的研究范围仅限于国家和省（市、区）两层级的高教决策咨询活动。 本文以咨询作为研究的逻辑起点，通过一系列的中间概念、现象分析和理论推导，到达其概念终点高等教育决策咨询和高等教育决策咨询体制，最后到达本研究的逻辑终点高等教育决策咨询体制的改革建议。 文章分为七大部分，高等教育决策咨询体制初探 II第一章绪论是全文的铺垫，包括提出问题、文献评述，介绍本论文的主要内容、方法和创新点；第二章是界定相关概念，概述构建高等教育
5、决策咨询体制的理论基础，初步探讨高等教育决策“咨询力” ；第三章阐述了构建高等教育决策咨询体制的现实基础； 第四章考察西方发达国家高等教育决策咨询体制的概况， 寻找 “他山之石” ；第五章是对我国高等教育决策咨询体制进行现状分析，归纳不足之处，分析原因；第六章提出重构我国高等教育决策咨询体制的新模式和改革建议；最后是结语部分，对全文进行小结，指出本研究的不足之处，并做出研究展望。文章的第二、三、五和六章是重点部分。 我国政府于 1996 年提出了要在“2010 年基本建成比较完备的教育决策咨询系统、信息系统、督导评估系统”的发展目标。希望通过本论题研究有助于加深对高等教育决策咨询实践活动的整体
6、性认识，有助于深化改革，完善咨询体制，实现规划目标，提高决策正确性，促进我国高等教育事业健康快速发展。 关键词：高等教育；决策咨询；体制；政策建议 中南民族大学硕士学位论文 IIIAbstract With the advent of knowledge economy and information age, mankind has stepped into the “society of consultation,” in which consultation, which means specifically helping the decision maker with “knowle
7、dge, experience, information, skills, intelligence,” has been booming in many fields, such as economy, government, education and so on, in many developed countries. Consultation has already been regarded as a legal procedure in decision-making in republic sectors in many nations in where the effect
8、and might of decision-making consultation has been fully brought in play. The road that the cause of Chinese higher education has trudged is a winding and rugged one. The phenomena, from erasing private colleges in the beginning period of stage building, to the great adjustment of college in fifties
9、, to the big chaos during the Culture Revolution, to the wavering policies in the system for running collages and education management institution for nearly fifty years, to vast expansion, great merger, wild upgrading, to overweight debt nowadays, all display the campaign-like style and trap-like f
10、eatures of the development of our higher education, which are surely related closely to low correctness of higher education decision-making. Consultation of higher education decision-making is a practice process during which the higher education decision maker obtains or is offered support from othe
11、rs with knowledge, experience, information, skills and intelligence, which is “a bridge to communicate with theory, value and practice, and is the connection between decision maker, power, populace and science,” and is a more fundamental factor than supervision to influence the correctness of decisi
12、on-making and therefore we have to strengthen consultation to improve decision-making in order to avoid our higher education from leaping from one trap to another. Why higher education decision-making consultation is so significant in practice, we can get the explanation from the philosophic, theore
13、tical and realistic basis of its existence and the features of higher education system. While the three basis give higher education decision-making consultation the status that should be offered, the features public welfare character, complexity and profoundness of it illustrate that there are objec
14、tive reasons for higher education decision-making to require consultation. It is no doubt that higher education consultation can make a huge difference to the reform and development of the cause of higher education through decision-making procedure, and this kind of influence is named as higher educ
15、ation “consulting power,” which is embodied in the mutual integrity of direction indicator, driving force and coordinating force. 高等教育决策咨询体制初探 IVLegalization is the system guarantor for the great significance of higher education decision-making consultation to be realized. For this reason, establish
16、ing a complete system of the higher education decision-making consultation is the inevitable logic inference of what the article thinks, and is also the objective of this research. After comparatively analyzing the strong points and weak ones of the domestic and overseas systems of higher education decision-making consultation, we have suggested to reconstruct our higher education decision-making consultation system into a “two-three-three-two” mod
