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1、专业英语建筑学与城市规划 Professional Englishin Architecture and Urban Planning 授课教师：陶斌 Lecturer: Bin TaoReview Volume 2 UNIT THIRTEEN Text The Planning Process Page 130, Para.1, line 3 The relationship between these various patterns is constantly changing, giving rise to new and different conditions, some bene
2、ficial to the community, some deleterious. 这些多种多样的形式之间的关系不断发生变化，产生对社区有利 或有害的新条件。1. Sentences她失踪一事引起了各种流言蜚语。Example 1 Her disappearance gave rise to the wildest rumours.give rise to sth 引起、导致某事物；使发生不卫生的环境会引起疾病。Example 2 Unhealthy conditions give rise to disease. Page 130, Para.3, line 3 A rational de
3、cision is one where all the various alternative courses of action are considered, the consequences resulting from them are identified and compared, and the preferred alternatives selected in the light of the most valued ends. 合理决策应考虑到所有不同的行动方案，确认、比较其后果，根 据最受重视目标选出优先方案。照老经验来评论那些建议。Example 1 Review th
4、e proposals in the light of past experience.in (the) light of sth 鉴于，依照，按照；考虑到某事物alternative n. 选择 a. （另）可选择的；其他的你辞职也是个办法（选择）。Example 1 One of the alternatives open to you is to resign.可供应考选读的另一本书是战争与和平。Example 2 The alternative book to study for the examination is “War and Peace”. Page 130, Para.4,
5、 line 4 In essence, forecasting is estimating, which involves understanding a process well enough to be able to describe its important relationships and to gauge the values of its variables. 预测的本质就是估计，这要求对一个过程要熟悉到能描述其中重 要关系并估计其变量值的程度。这两个论点大致相同。Example 1 The two arguments are in essence the same.in e
6、ssence 本质上；大体上variable n. 变量在该实验中温度是一个变量。Example 1 Temperature was a variable in the experiment.由于有许多可变因素，很难准确地估算出成本。Example 2 With so many variables, the exact cost is difficult to estimate. Page 130, Para.4, line 8 The constituent variables that comprise the plan, which might be population, employ
7、ment and communications for example, will require repeated analysis to check their performance and identify any departures from the original strategy. 要反复分析构成规划方案的变量，如人口、就业和交通，以检查 其作用，找出背离最初策略之处。同旧习俗、标准程序等相违Example 1 a departure from old customs, the standard procedure, etc.departure from 背离；违反这套新系统
8、不同于（背离）我们惯用的方法。Example 2 The new system is a departure from our usual method. Page 131, Para.5, line 1 Owing to the need for continuity, adaptability, and revision, all geared towards the task of producing the best planning decision all the time, a procedure somewhat vulgarly called “optimization”,
9、urban and regional planning has been described as a cyclic process. 由于连续性、适应性和可修订性的需要，调整一切以适应自始至 终做出最佳规划决策的任务，这样的过程被有点通俗地称为“最优化”，因此城市和区域规划被认为是一个循环过程。比赛因雨取消了。Example 1 Owing to the rain, the match was cancelled.owing to prep. 由于；因为gear sth to/towards sth 调整使适合或达到某水平或标准工业必须调整以适应战时需要。Example 1 Industry
10、 must be geared to wartime needs.我们调整力量将生产推向更高的水平。Example 2 Our effort is geared to a higher level of production. Page 131, Para.5, line 1 Owing to the need for continuity, adaptability, and revision, all geared towards the task of producing the best planning decision all the time, a procedure somew
11、hat vulgarly called “optimization”, urban and regional planning has been described as a cyclic process. 由于连续性、适应性和可修订性的需要，调整一切以适应自始至 终做出最佳规划决策的任务，这样的过程被有点通俗地称为“最优化”，因此城市和区域规划被认为是一个循环过程。见到他我有点吃惊。Example 1 I was somewhat surprised to see him.somewhat adv. 稍微；有点他回答时有些局促不安。Example 2 He answered somewhat
12、 nervously. Page 131, Para.5, line 4 from the bottom This description is by no means exhaustive or authoritative but it does serve to illustrate the departure from traditional land use planning. 这个描述决不彻底也非权威，但确实可用以表明（规划过程）与传 统土地用途规划的不同。她可不穷，其实她很阔。Example 1 She is by no means poor, in fact, shes quit
13、e rich.by no means 绝不；一点都不（not at all）我对这种行为一点也不满意。Example 2 I am by no means pleased with this behavior.Volume 2 UNIT FOURTEEN Text The Crucial Elements of Metropolitan Form1. Words and Expressionsmetropolis n. 大城市，首都 a great metropolis like London 像伦敦一样的大城市 metropolitan a. 大城市的，首都的 n. 大城市人；(M-)大主教
14、 the population of metropolitan New York 纽约市的人口 cities and towns 城镇 the region of heavy industry 重工业区 CBD Central Business District 中央商务区 the special historical area 特殊历史区域 office district 办公区 recreation zone 休闲区 natural features 自然特征 Page 140, Para.1, line 3 We abstract from the vast array of chara
15、cteristics just those dimensions which seem to be most crucial in perception at that scale, and which also have some likelihood for manipulation by planned action.从浩瀚的特征中，我们只选取那些这种范围的感觉上似乎最具决 定性而又能用规划行为来控制的方面。abstract from 提取；写出要点从一篇很长的报告中摘出最重要的各点Example 1 to abstract the most important points from a long report从矿石中提取金属Example 2 abstract metal from ore2. Sentences Page 140, Para.2, line 1 The major path system, the streets, rail lines, canals, promenades, airways. 主要道路系统、街道、铁路、运河、海滨大道、航空线。带着孩子在海滨散步Example 1 promenade
