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1、细节题细节题( (即细节的定位即细节的定位) )细节类问题的命题方式有以下几种：细节类问题的命题方式有以下几种：(1)Which(1)Which ofof thethe followingfollowing isis NOTNOT truetrue accordingaccording toto thethe informationinformation inin thethe passage?passage?(2)(2) WhichWhich ofof thethe followingfollowing isis mentionedmentioned inin thethe passage?
2、passage?(3)(3) WhatWhat isis thethe exampleexample ofof . . . . . . asas describeddescribed inin thethe passage?passage?(4)(4) TheThe authorauthor mentionsmentions allall ofof thethe followingfollowing exceptexcept . . . . . .(5)(5) TheThe reasonreason forfor . . . . .is.is . . . . . .(6)(6) TheThe
3、authorauthor statesstates thatthat . . . . . .(7)(7) AccordingAccording toto thethe passage,passage, whenwhen (where,(where, why,why, how,how, who,who, etc.etc. ) ) .（一）定位：（一）定位： 作题的关键在于返回原文，要有定位作题的关键在于返回原文，要有定位意识；切忌通过自己对某类知识的主观了解和认识做意识；切忌通过自己对某类知识的主观了解和认识做出想像判断，一定要紧扣文章内容，不可随心所欲、出想像判断，一定要紧扣文章内容，不可随心
4、所欲、不要凭印象作题。不要凭印象作题。 在原文中直接找到题干中的关键词在原文中直接找到题干中的关键词( (主要关键词：主要关键词：名词，名词短语；次要关键词：动词，形容词，副词；名词，名词短语；次要关键词：动词，形容词，副词；注意主要关键词和次要关键词是相对的。关键词注意主要关键词和次要关键词是相对的。关键词 2 2 个个特点：唯一性和特殊性特点：唯一性和特殊性) ) 根据专有名词回原文定位，如人名，书名，根据专有名词回原文定位，如人名，书名，地名，年代，阿拉伯数字地名，年代，阿拉伯数字 找不到关键词要注意找不到关键词要注意同义替换同义替换(1)(1)同义改写同义改写词汇转换，含义相同词汇转换
5、，含义相同(2)(2)同义转述同义转述含义不同，含义不同，本质相同，但是都必须符合原文对等原则本质相同，但是都必须符合原文对等原则（二）答题方法：（二）答题方法：干扰项干扰项偷换概念、扩大范围、正反混淆、颠倒因果、常偷换概念、扩大范围、正反混淆、颠倒因果、常识判断识判断( (列举和文章无关的常识，尽管常识是对的，列举和文章无关的常识，尽管常识是对的，但文章中未提，也是错的但文章中未提，也是错的) )（三（三) )绝对词出现的处理方式绝对词出现的处理方式(1)(1)文章中：作为重点信息标记出。文章中：作为重点信息标记出。(2)(2)题干中：作为关键信息词标出。题干中：作为关键信息词标出。(3)(
6、3)选项中：一般作为干扰选项出现选项中：一般作为干扰选项出现; ; 假如与文假如与文章标记一致，才是正确选项。章标记一致，才是正确选项。绝对词：绝对词：must,must, always,always, never,never, thethe most,most, all,all, no,no, each,each, only,only, havehave to,to, any(any(任何任何),), none,none, entirely,entirely, completely,completely, totally,totally, hardly,hardly, every,every
7、, rarely,rarely, seldomseldom不肯定语气词不肯定语气词( (作标记作标记) )：can,can, could,could, may,may, might,might, should,should, some,some, usually,usually, might,might, most,most, often,often, moremore oror less,less, relatively,relatively, bebe likelylikely to,to, possible,possible, possibly,possibly, perhaps,per
8、haps, maybe,maybe, toto somesome degree,degree, seemseem（四）难句分析：（四）难句分析： 原则：先分析结构，后把握意思原则：先分析结构，后把握意思固定结构：如，固定搭配，固定句型固定结构：如，固定搭配，固定句型语法：语法： 如，分析主谓，主谓宾，或句子做主语如，分析主谓，主谓宾，或句子做主语等等标点符号：如，两个逗号，两个破择号标点符号：如，两个逗号，两个破择号 先主干先主干(主谓主谓)，后分支，后分支(定语，补语，同位定语，补语，同位语等等语等等) 分支看得懂也不提前看，看不懂放弃分支看得懂也不提前看，看不懂放弃因为有关职务，头衔，社会
9、地位等补充性的说明因为有关职务，头衔，社会地位等补充性的说明属于旁支信息，一般以两个逗号或两个破折号出现，属于旁支信息，一般以两个逗号或两个破折号出现，第一遍阅读可以暂时先不管。如果题目涉及补充性的第一遍阅读可以暂时先不管。如果题目涉及补充性的问题，那么在重新阅读时重叠选项和原文，一一考核；问题，那么在重新阅读时重叠选项和原文，一一考核；如果题目未涉及，那么忽略不看，把握句子主要意思。如果题目未涉及，那么忽略不看，把握句子主要意思。事例如下：事例如下：00.100.1 广告广告第三题：第三题：ToTo encourageencourage consumersconsumers toto tra
10、veltravel byby train,train, DDBDDB NeedhamNeedham emphasizedemphasized _._.题干关键词：题干关键词：emphasizedemphasized-文中文中 stressstressItIt stressedstressed experiencesexperiences gainedgained byby usingusing thethe trainstrains andand portrayedportrayed westernwestern traintrain tripstrips asas wonderfulwond
11、erful adventures.adventures.答案：答案：TheThe adventurousadventurous aspectsaspects ofof traintrain tripstrips01.101.1 饮料瓶饮料瓶第一题：第一题：WhatWhat regulationregulation waswas issuedissued byby NewNew YorkYork StateState concerningconcerning beveragebeverage containers?containers?定位关键句：定位关键句：NewNew YorkYork St
12、ateState orderedordered storesstores toto chargecharge a a depositdeposit onon beveragebeverage containers.containers.答案：答案：ConsumersConsumers hadhad toto paypay forfor beveragebeverage containerscontainers andand couldcould getget theirtheir moneymoney backback onon returningreturning them.them.Que
13、stions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:21. The passage implies that the telegraph cable was built mainly _.A) for oceanographic studiesB) for military purposesC) for business considerationsD) for investigating the depths of the oceans 注：推理题注：推理题22. It was _ that asked Maury for help in o
14、ceanographic studies.A) the American NavyB) some early intercontinental travellersC) those who earned a living from the seaD) the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable注：细节题注：细节题23. The aim of voyages Maury encouraged in the 1840s was _.A) to make some sound experiments in the oceansB) to c
15、ollect samples of sea plants and animalsC) to estimate the length of cable that was to be madeD) to measure the depths of two oceans注：细节题注：细节题24. Defied in the 5th paragraph probably means _A) doubted B) gave proof toC) challenged D) agreed to注：词汇题。注：词汇题。25. This passage is mainly about _A) the beginnings of oceanographyB) the laying of the first undersea cableC) the investigation of ocean depthsD) the early intercontinental communications注：主题题注：主题题。Oceanography has been defined as The application of all scien
